Carcinoma

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant tumor with a growing burden in the United States with increasing prevalence. It is the fifth most frequently diagnosed cancer and second highest in terms of mortality, with one million cancer deaths yearly. A variety of risk factors contribute to HCC, including hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, cirrhosis of any cause including environmental toxins, alcohol abuse, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hereditary hemochromatosis or alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency among others. There has been significant increase in the rate of HBV- and HCV-related HCC[1]. Liver cirrhosis is the most important pre-malignant lesion of HCC, but HCC can occur in non-cirrhotic patients too, with the predominant risk factor being HBV infection[1]. In non-cirrhotic patients, occurrence of HCC is established to have been mostly because of HBV[2]. .…

Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma In 2011, an estimated 1300 new cases of cervical cancer were diagnosed in Canada, with about 350 deaths stated by the Canadian Cancer Society (as cited in CMAJ, 2013). Cervical cancer is a disease that can be very serious. It is one of the most common types of cancer in women worldwide. To properly care for these patient’s nurses should have a strong knowledge and understanding about the pathophysiology, risk factors, stages, treatments, and nursing…

types of cancer such as, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous cell Carcinoma, and Melanoma. Skin cancer is the number one cancer diagnosis in the United States. The most basic definition of skin cancer is “the uncontrolled growth of abnormal skin cells” (“Skin Cancer Foundation”). When discussing skin cancer, it is necessary to mention each cancer individually, as they are not all the same. For instance, Basal cell Carcinoma is the appearance of “abnormal, uncontrolled growths or lesions” (“Skin…

Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most type of skin cancer, and is commonly caused by regular exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Squamous cell carcinoma is a slow-growing skin cancer, but it can spread to the tissues, bones, and lymph nodes where it can be hard to treat. Some factors make it more likely to develop squamous cell carcinoma including exposure to ultraviolet radiation, Bowen’s disease, and having a lighter skin complexion. More exposure to ultraviolet radiation whether it…

Squamous cell carcinoma is characterized as uncontrolled growths located in the very thin, flattened cells in the epidermis. SCC can range from open sores to warts in terms of identification. It is mainly caused by "cumulative UV exposure over the course of a lifetime" (Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), 2012), tanning beds with their intense UV lights can also lead to squamous cell carcinoma. Prevention of squamous cell carcinoma is common with other type of skin cancer; cover up when outside,…

Significance Pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is a rare but aggressive tumor, with higher metastatic potential and an even worse prognosis than pancreatic adenocarcinoma[1, 2]. A major hindrance towards development of therapies against pancreatic ASC is that the molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis remain poorly characterized. In this proposal I will take advantage of the expertise on RNA biochemistry and molecular biology that I have acquired during my doctoral training and…

Basal Cell Carcinoma is a type of cell in the skin that develops new skin cells as old ones dies or flakes away. Most basal cell carcinomas are believed to be caused by long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunshine. Keeping off the sun and applying sunscreen may help protect against basal cell carcinoma. Squamous Cell Carcinoma is an uncontrolled development of abnormal cells in the squamous cells, which is written from the epidermis. Is mainly caused by ultraviolet (UV)…

Squamous Cell Carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma is a common form of skin cancer. It begins in the squamous cells in the outer layer of the skin (epidermis). It occurs most often in parts of the body that are frequently exposed to the sun, such as the face, lips, neck, arms, legs, and hands. However, this condition can occur anywhere on the body, including the inside of the mouth, sites of long-term (chronic) scarring, and the anus. If treated soon enough, squamous cell carcinoma rarely spreads…

1. Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) can be ranked as the sixth leading cancer by incidence worldwide (1,2). Every year, there are more than 550,000 patients diagnosed with head and neck cancers worldwide and around 300,000 related deaths (3). Squamous cell carcinomas represent 90% of cases and mostly arise from the epithelial lining of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx. SCCHN can be divided into three stages: early stage (I/II), locally…

Merkel-cell carcinoma is a rare type of malignant skin cancer or disease that grows out of control. It most often starts in areas of skin that is being exposed to the sun, especially the head, neck, arms, and legs. This type of skin disease tends to grow quickly and metastasize at an early stage; this most often become more developed in older people. Metastatic Merkel-cell carcinoma is often deadly and there is no effective treatment. Findings made by a physician-researcher of University of…