Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma In 2011, an estimated 1300 new cases of cervical cancer were diagnosed in Canada, with about 350 deaths stated by the Canadian Cancer Society (as cited in CMAJ, 2013). Cervical cancer is a disease that can be very serious. It is one of the most common types of cancer in women worldwide. To properly care for these patient’s nurses should have a strong knowledge and understanding about the pathophysiology, risk factors, stages, treatments, and nursing interventions for cervical cancer. It starts in the cells lining the cervix, in the lower part of the uterus which is called the uterine cervix. The fetus grows in the upper body of the uterus. The cervix connects the body of the uterus to the vagina,…

Cervical cancer is usually a squamous cell carcinoma caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection; less often, it is an adenocarcinoma ("Merck Manuals," 2013). It is asymptomatic in its early stage. The first symptom is usually irregular, often postcoital bleeding. Signs and symptoms of a more advanced cervical cancer usually include vaginal bleeding after intercourse, between periods or after menopause; watery, bloody vaginal discharge that may be heavy and have a foul odor; and pelvic pain…

The Effects of ieTILs and Ligand Interactions in Cervical Cancer Patients: Are There Predictions for Patient Survivorship? Aman Kumar State University of New York at Fredonia1, Department of Psychology2 INTRODUCTION Oncogenes are genes that are involved in abnormal tissue growth and exhibit a wide-variety of mutant protein expression (oncoproteins). Such genes are involved in causing cervical cancer which may begin with the frequent infection of the human papillomavirus (HPV). In most women,…

Cervical Cancer and Screening Issues and Concerns Cervical cancer is a disease among women that occurs in cervix is the lower, narrow end of the uterus (the organ where a fetus grows). The cervix leads from the uterus to the vagina (birth canal). According to the National Cancer Institute (2016), there are many types of cervical cancer. For example, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma begins in the thin, flat cells that line the cervix. Adenocarcinoma begins in…

Liquid-based Cytology (LBC): Automation of LBC and an Appraisal of the UK National Cervical Screening Programme. Introduction The study of cells’ structure, morphology and arrangement to determine the cause, pathophysiology or type of disease is known as cytopathology. Cervical screening is a common diagnostic gynaecological service that is used to help diagnose it. Cervical Cancer is “the third leading cause of cancer in women worldwide” (Freitas et al, 2012, p. 305). The Human Papilloma Virus…

Cervical cancer is one of the leading cancers in women, particularly around women between the ages of 30-45. Cervical cancer is an abnormal growth of cells within the woman’s cervix. If left undetected or untreated, it has the potential of spreading to other parts of the body, eventually leading to death. The human papilloma virus (HPV) is the precursor to cervical cancer. HPV infects cells in the cervix and causes dysplasia that leads to cervical cancer. Picture from American Cancer Society…

Charles sawyers found Gleevac. In the mid of 1970’s the Herceptin and Gleevac was the simple drug against cancer. Vogalstein concentrated on colon cancer comparing the DNA of cancer and normal cells, if was found different that it’s not one single mutation but several mutations that led to cancer and he described that combination of genes were involved in cancer. The human genome project was developed finding the genomic cells involving cancer. Lung cancers found to have some evidence regarding…

The four articles reviewed utilised various research design. The following experimental methods are described; Thomas, Shiels and Gabbay (2014) utilised a random sample of primary care, family planning waiting rooms and post graduate volunteers from campus health centres. A cross-sectional questionnaire was used to measure recent and future condom use within communities. Broaddus, Schmeige and Bryan (2011) utilised a longitudinal study which was conducted over the course of two years. Every…

This infection is capable of affecting many areas in the body, and it can also form on the genitals such as the penis in men and cervix in women. This virus forms warts, which are transferred through autoinoculation, meaning that the infected party must have sexual intercourse with a healthy person. Sexual intercourse includes oral, anal, and straight sex. Once HPV is inside a woman, it divides inside the cervix cells and increases the chances that the cells become cancerous. Once the cell’s DNA…

Background: Fistula-in-ano forms a good majority of treatable benign lesions of the rectum and anal canal. 90% or so of these cases are end results of crypto glandular infections. Despite the easy of diagnosis, establishing a cure is problematic on two accounts. Firstly, many patients tend to let their ailment nag them rather than being subject to examination, mostly owing to the site of this disease. The more important second factor is that a significant percent of these diseases persist or…