Cardiac pacemaker

During one year, the heart initiates approximately 32 million heartbeats to pump blood around the body, beating a total of 60-80 times per minute at a normal pace. It is a highly efficient organ and constantly works to keep our blood circulation going and ourselves alive. The high efficiency of the heart pumping system originates in a conductive system, which is linked to the Sinoatrial (S-A) and Atrioventricular (A-V) node. The Sinoatrial node, also known as the natural cardiac pacemaker, is located in the upper part of the right atrium and initiates the contractions of the cardiac muscle by producing special electrical impulses which act as an activation signal for the heart to contract. This occurs in form of a depolarization, which firstly…

Implantable cardiac pacemakers By virtue of the light weight and high theoretical capacity of lithium metal, lithium primary batteries have been widespread in health-improving medical devices since the successful implantation of the first lithium-powered pacemaker in 1970s.29, 30 Depending on the power level, implantable medical device primary batteries fall into several categories: low-rate batteries outputting microwatts of power such as batteries for cardiac pacemakers and hearing devices;…

-Your heart beat works from the electrical impulses that travel down pathways through your heart. The normal sinus rhythm is initiated by the SA node also known as the sinoatrial node. It is also known as the hearts natural pacemaker due to the fact it beat 100 bpm. The electrical activity then spreads through the wall of the atria and as a result causes them to contract before it reaches the AV node. From there the AV node conducts electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles while…

as we approach. As the right atrium and left atrium simultaneously contract, we travel through the tricuspid valve which along with the bicuspid or mitral valve makes up the atrioventricular valve (AV valves). The function of the tricuspid valve is to prevent the backflow of blood from reaching back into the right atrium, think of it as trap door. Where it allows blood to travel in one way but not the other, this ensure for unidirectional flow of blood at the heart. It is attached to these long…

right bundle branch, the electrical depolarization must go through the left bundle branch and put the RBBB at rest, so it takes a while longer than it should. It’s amazing how the heart is so powerful and have many parts that contribute to how it function and how people live. In regards to the waves, it gives a visual of how a person heart rate goes up and down and to look for any normal or abnormal heart rhythm. Since the P wave is the sinoatrial node, which is the pacemaker of the…

Patient Care Technology Identification and Definition A leadless pacemaker is a small, self-contained unit that is placed on the inside wall of the heart through a thin, flexible catheter. In other words, it is a pacemaker without the leads (Bongiorni et al., 2016). A pacemaker is a small device that is placed in the chest or abdomen to help control abnormal heart rhythms. This device uses low-energy electrical pulses to prompt the heart to beat at a normal rate (60-100 beats per minute)…

Canadian electrical engineer) created the world’s first external pacemaker. This device was designed based on the observations of John Callaghan and Wilfred Gordon Bigelow (two cardio-thoracic surgeons based at Toronto General Hospital) and was first tested on a dog at the University of Toronto. The device provided transcutaneous pacing through the use of vacuum tube technology. While it was quite innovative it proved to be painful for patients to use and had a significant chance of…

What is a pacemaker? The invention of the pacemaker has been extremely beneficial for a lot of heart patients and its continuous development is a ray of hope for a longer and easier life for a lot of patients. A pacemaker is an implantable medical engineering device that revives the heartbeat to a normal rate. It is helpful in alleviating symptoms of bradycardia, a type of heart disorder in which the heart beats at less than 60 beats per minute, a rate that might not be healthy for the body. A…

TB incidence has fallen by an average of 1.5% per year since 2000. This needs to accelerate to a 4–5% annual decline to reach the 2020 milestones of the "End TB Strategy" (“Key”). If these statistics continue, the discoveries made in the 20th century will be the reason these advancements now are successful. The second major advancements in cardio during the 20th century were also through instruments and tools. Pacemakers had been thought of but never executed until 1958. A pacemaker is an…

was the day his autonomy was taken away from him, and all the decisions were put on his wife who was his power of attorney. As Jeffrey’s condition got worse, his wife made the life altering decision to place a pacemaker to keep her husband alive, and since that day she and her daughter have fought to end his suffering. The issue is whether to respect the power of attorneys autonomy and comply with the desire to deactivate the pacemaker or if it is beneficent to do so. The article “What Broke…