Atom

construct the atom. Niels contributed to the atomic structure and quantum theory. He received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922 for his work. Bohr was a physicist, philosopher, and a promoter of scientific research. Bohr’s proposal stated that the electron revolve in a stable orbit around the nucleus and that the energy levels in which the electrons are on are discrete. Bohr was the very first scientist to discover the electrons travel separately in energy levels. Bohr stated that an atom would…

Alchemists used to obsess over chrysopoeia, the transmutation of regular metals, such as copper, into gold. However, they were not aware at the time that copper and gold were two different atomic elements and instead believed them to be compounds. Thinking these metals could be changed chemically or physically in labs, alchemists pursued this dream to no advantage. Although it is not possible to change ordinary metals to gold through chemical reactions, physical reactions, radioactive decay, or…

De Broglie’s Hypothesis After Einstein put forth his photoelectric effect, people wondered what about the instances where light behaved as a wave? In 1923, the French physicist Louis de Broglie made an assertion. His Consideration of Einstein's equation of wavelength lambda to momentum p, de Broglie said that the relationship determines the wavelength, in the relationship: λ = h / p Where h is the Planck's constant This wavelength λ is called the de Broglie wavelength.…

Saltwater Circuit; Did you know that you can use salt water to make a light bulb shine? It sounds crazy, but it's true! This is because salt water is a good conductor of electricity. Salt molecules are made of sodium ions and chlorine ions. (An ion is an atom that has an electrical charge because it has either gained or lost an electron.) When you put salt in water, the water molecules pull the sodium and chlorine ions apart so they are floating freely. These ions are what carry electricity…

out its job and that determines its functions and properties. Structure of water Water the molecule In a water molecule, there is one oxygen that has six valence electrons in its outer shell and acts as the central atom. Two of these electrons is shared with the two hydrogen atoms which have one valance electron each in their outer shell giving a chemical formula of H2O. This shared pair helps to fill…

1. What is the forbidden gap in semiconductors? One electron volt (eV) 2. At absolute zero temperature, semiconductor behaves as Insulator 3. Define electrical conductivity. Electrical conductivity is the ability to conduct an electric current. 4. What are the two types of charge carriers in semiconductors? Electrons and holes are the two types of charge carriers in semiconductor. 5. Define charge carrier. Charge carrier is a particle, which carries electric charge or electric current from one…

Introduction Interhalogen compounds are molecules containing two or more different halogen atoms. The general formula for interhalogen consists of XYn, where n is equal to 1,3,5 or 7 and the central halogen, X, being less electronegative than halogen Y results in the formation of polarized covalent bonds. This experiment consisted of using experimental techniques to synthesize and decompose highly reactive, thus unstable, interhalogens that seemingly violate the octet rule. Synthesis…

An Ion is when an atom gains or loses an electron. 2.What is a Cation? An ion with a (+) charge. 3.True or False: An Anion does not have a (-) charge. 4.What type of bonding transfers electrons? Ionic bonding 5.What are all the types of chemical bonds? Ionic, Covalent, and Metallic bonding. 6.What do you call an element that has different forms . Isotopes 7.Which type of bonding is the “strongest”? Ionic bonding 8.True or False: Ionic bonds are formed from metal and neutral atoms. 9.True or…

In the paper, FePO4 was studied in through neutron powder diffraction across a wide range of temperatures, and was found to have 2 states in general, the α (alpha) phase and β ( beta ) phase. The alpha phase exhibits a tetrahedral structure, which is similar to alpha quartz, and this occurs during generally low temperatures. In the case of this paper, the temperatures experimented on were between 294K and 1073K. The beta phase, however, is denser and exhibits a octahedral structure. The…

impacts on modern day science and society. Dmitri Mendeleev is responsible for the creation of the periodic table, while Marie Curie is responsible for discovering radioactivity, which advanced the world in medicine and understanding the structure of an atom. Which scientist had the most impact on modern day science? Both chemist findings had a significant impact on modern day scientist, but one chemists findings are the backbone for other famous…