Adaptive immune system

subcutaneous nodules, arthritis, lymphadenopathy, fever, weight loss, anemia, and central nervous system involvement.1 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that causes chronic inflammation of connective tissues, with multifactorial pathophysiology and heterogeneous clinical manifestations. The autoimmunity is conferred by dysregulation of aspects from both innate and adaptive immunity, which leads to the production of autoantibodies. In SLE the most implicated…

This paper will will explore the way that Group A Streptococcus (GAS) pathogens invade and evade the immune system to cause infections that can be either innocuous or fatal. Group A Streptococcus is a group of human pathogens that are usually found in the throat or the skin (7). They can be spread through different direct contact to an exposed mucous membrane, or through contact to an open wound. The infections can be either non-invasive or invasive; invasive being the most dangerous and life…

an infection of the glomerular membrane which impairs proper function. In the kidney, this membrane is responsible for the filtration of water and associated solutes out of the body while simultaneously keeping plasma proteins in the cardiovascular system. When an alteration occurs, the permeability of the membrane decreases, thus decreasing the overall glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of the kidney and leading to complications associated with low GFR. Glomerulonephritis can be caused by primary…

The human immune response is a complex, layered system that uses multiple defense mechanisms which function in harmony to protect the body from infection and illness. There are two main types of immune response, the innate and acquired, and while these responses are related and sometimes overlap, they use separate processes to defend against invaders. Working as a whole, innate and acquired immune responses protect the body from infectious organisms. Infectious organisms that can cause disease…

The human body has a protection system called the immune system to fight off pathogens. The immune system uses two different types of immunity to defend the body against pathogens; they are the innate and adaptive immunity response systems. Working as frontline providers, we must be able to identify and treat different types of disorders and diseases. The active immunity is an important part of the immune system because it protects the body from infectious diseases agent that is mediated by B-…

The Human immune system and Autoimmunity The human immune system is a true strong-hold and defender, which response firmly and swiftly to attacks from foreign invaders. It has the ability to manipulate change in order to optimize the response and quarantine many of the unwanted intrusions. The Human immune system has many purposes. They include, defending the body against infectious microorganisms, such as fungi, bacteria and viruses-by destroying and resisting them. The Human immune system is…

pathogen. Antibodies passed on to calves via colostrum are an important defence system and is called passive acquired immunity because the animal didn’t make the antibodies itself.…

The immune system is known for its primary role in protecting the body from bacterial, parasitic, fungal and viral infections. It consists of organs and cells that play important and very specific roles in order to achieve adequate protection. The main components include: Organs • Bone Marrow Produces all the cells of the immune system through a process called hematopoiesis. • Thymus Produces mature T cells through a process called thymic education. • Spleen Its primary role is to filter the…

protection against helminthic parasites, it continues to play a substantial role in symptoms for allergy. Mast cell activation is not further addressed until module 8.2, but understanding how mast cell activation plays a prominent role in the immune system is vital to learning how to combat potentially life-threatening allergic reactions. In the course of my research, I came across an interesting link addressing the close relationship mast cells has with basophils & eosinophils. Although…

influence the developing immune system in responses from cytokine balance, to lymphocyte responses, to antibody induction (3). In utero, mammals are essentially sterile, and colonization by these microbes begins at birth, and expands throughout life as the host is exposed to foreign organisms through their environment (4). Because each person’s exposure may differ with their unique…