Adaptive immune system

The United States has a plethora of problems when it comes to children not being vaccinated in today’s time and error. There are people who vaccinate and then there are those who do not. Families who choose to vaccinate, do it because they have done the research and have looked thoroughly at the statics of healthiness if the vaccines are given to their children. Protecting their children while they are at school, to not be exposed to different types of diseases and infections from their peers,…

life can make us weak. The Black Plague is one prime example of this. People were dying, but we recovered from the plague and it did make the people stronger and have more knowledge of illnesses. We recovered from the plague and have improved immune systems than before. Though it could go either way. What almost destroys us can make us weak. An example of this could be cheetahs. Cheetahs are endangered and there are not many left to repopulate. The cheetahs went through what was called “the…

Poison ivy is a condition in which the skin has an allergic reactions caused by a substance called "urushiol" resin on leaves, stems, and roots of Ivy. Ivy is a type of shrub that can cause severe skin irritations (contact dermatitis). The Poison Ivy affected skin may become dry, red, or burnt. When trees are burned, the smoke from the burning results can affect your lungs. The best way to avoid Poison Ivy is by way of avoiding such plants. Learn to identify trees of ivy and avoid contact as…

development, the nervous system wires itself completely – an impressive feat considering the millions of connections and neurons in the body. However perhaps even more impressive is the ability of the nervous system to restore neuronal connections after injury. This is particularly advanced in frogs, fish and invertebrates as once an axon is cut in the central nervous system, the regeneration allows full functional recovery whereas in the mammalian central nervous system full recovery is not…

ServSafe Food Safety and the Dangers of Undercooked Shellfish Shellfish selections tend to be plentiful on summer happy hour and appetizer menus for their versatility and fresh taste, but, with the heat of spring and summer warming the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Coast and waters in Alaska and the Pacific Northwest, serving shellfish during the summer months creates a rise in the risk of spreading a food-borne illnesses due to Vibrio infections. This week, we'll briefly discuss how to cook and…

becoming active after the latent stage. What makes this stage different from the previous stages is that the disease starts attacking and penetrating into the nervous system. The invasion of the nervous system causes abnormalities in the cerebrospinal fluid, elevated white blood cells, etc. Also, the invasion of the nervous systems, following the primary or secondary stage of…

Stage three of the disease is when an infected individual begins to exhibit opportunistic infections and CD4 count falls below 500/ ml. The final and heightened stages of HIV infection are often described as full-blown AIDS, wherein the immune system is significantly damaged. The symptoms of this stage include chronic symptoms like rapid weight loss, serious fever (reaching temperature of 100 degrees F), soaking night sweats, chronic diarrhea, vomiting, dry coughs, short breaths, distorted…

Deinococcus radiodurans (D. radiodurans) was discovered in 1956 by Arthur W. Anderson at the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station in Corvallis, Oregon. There was an experiment to determine if processed foods can be sanitized by using great amount of gamma radiation. A can of meat was revealed that radiation, which was believed to destroy all known types of lifestyle, has been damaged and D. radiodurans was separated. D. radiodurans is known for its radiation-resistant qualities. Being that it…

An infant is born to two parents. The father has type A blood and the mother has type B blood. A sample of the infant’s blood is sent for blood typing. When the infant’s blood is subjected to forward typing, there is no agglutination. When back-typing is performed, the infant’s serum causes agglutination with both type A and type B RBCs. Which of the following is the most likely interpretation of these results? A. The infant has type A blood. B. The infant has type AB blood. C. The infant has…

conditioning regimen depends on factors such as age, disease status, comorbidities and donor availability. It can be given to patient without stem cell support and has been stated to result in minor reduction in number of red blood cells (cytopenia). NMA are immune-ablative regimen and are immunosuppressive which is why they cause total engraftment of donor lympho-hematopoietic stem cell. However, a large number of donor T lymphocytes and donor CD34+ cells will be required to aid donor…