1. What is the most likely diagnosis of the underlying disease in this patient (5 marks)?
Follicular Lymphoma.
2. Describe the process of autologous transplantation for the treatment of this patient’s disease. (5 marks).
Stem cells are removed from patient and stored in a freezer. Patient will then receive high dose chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy to get rid of circulating tumor cells in the blood. The removed stem cells are transfused, replacing the destroyed tissue and re-establishing hematopoietic function in the patient (Nichols, 2016).
• Nichols, H, 2016. Bone Marrow Transplant. 22 January.
Word count: 51
3. Discuss the use of non- myeloablative conditioning regimens for the treatment of this group of diseases? (20 marks).
The use of NMA conditioning regimen depends on factors such as age, disease status, comorbidities and donor availability. It can be given to patient without stem cell support and has been stated to result in minor reduction in number of red blood cells (cytopenia).
NMA are immune-ablative regimen and are immunosuppressive which is why they cause total engraftment of donor lympho-hematopoietic stem cell. However, a large number of donor T lymphocytes and donor CD34+ cells will be required to aid donor engraftment (Andrea Bacigalupo, 2009).
In addition to its lower transplant related mortality …show more content…
Donor T-cells interact with antigen presenting cells which leads to proliferation, differentiation and cytokines secretion. Cytokines such as IL-2 and IFN-gamma boost T cell expansion, generate cytotoxic T cells and NK cells responses to produce TNF-alpha and IL-1. This cytokines encourage the production of inflammatory chemokines, thereby recruiting effector cells into target organs. Step 3 involves effector functions of mononuclear phagocytes being triggered through a secondary signal supplied by lipopolysaccharide that leaks through the intestinal mucosa damaged during the first step (P,
Follicular Lymphoma.
2. Describe the process of autologous transplantation for the treatment of this patient’s disease. (5 marks).
Stem cells are removed from patient and stored in a freezer. Patient will then receive high dose chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy to get rid of circulating tumor cells in the blood. The removed stem cells are transfused, replacing the destroyed tissue and re-establishing hematopoietic function in the patient (Nichols, 2016).
• Nichols, H, 2016. Bone Marrow Transplant. 22 January.
Word count: 51
3. Discuss the use of non- myeloablative conditioning regimens for the treatment of this group of diseases? (20 marks).
The use of NMA conditioning regimen depends on factors such as age, disease status, comorbidities and donor availability. It can be given to patient without stem cell support and has been stated to result in minor reduction in number of red blood cells (cytopenia).
NMA are immune-ablative regimen and are immunosuppressive which is why they cause total engraftment of donor lympho-hematopoietic stem cell. However, a large number of donor T lymphocytes and donor CD34+ cells will be required to aid donor engraftment (Andrea Bacigalupo, 2009).
In addition to its lower transplant related mortality …show more content…
Donor T-cells interact with antigen presenting cells which leads to proliferation, differentiation and cytokines secretion. Cytokines such as IL-2 and IFN-gamma boost T cell expansion, generate cytotoxic T cells and NK cells responses to produce TNF-alpha and IL-1. This cytokines encourage the production of inflammatory chemokines, thereby recruiting effector cells into target organs. Step 3 involves effector functions of mononuclear phagocytes being triggered through a secondary signal supplied by lipopolysaccharide that leaks through the intestinal mucosa damaged during the first step (P,