Working memory

Article 1: The Contribution of Verbal Working Memory to Deaf Children’s Oral and Written Production Barbara Arfé, Cristina Rossi, and Silvia Sicoli In the past, many studies have been made for the oral and written capabilities of deaf children. But this journal focuses on the same factors but with their working memory. The children who participated in this study were severely or profoundly deaf and aged from eight to thirteen years old. In specific, they focused on the verbal working memory because this affects their language performances. Previous studies focused on their oral language and written capabilities with exercises such as sentence comprehension or spelling. But here they decided to examine their memory by inspecting the deaf children’s…

This article focuses on working memory development and maturation in infants. Working memory allows for the temporary storage of information, but is restricted to the capacity limit of three or four items. I chose this article because it helps us to understand how “chunking” information in working memory may be available to younger preverbal infants. Hence, this article gives the world and me, a hopeful pediatrician, a better understanding of how cognitive development in infants matures and…

Working memory is the restricted capability of the brain to store, maintain, manipulate, and process information (Rudner, et. al, 2009). This paper investigates the current research on working memory and the effects of sign language on it. Sign language is used primarily by those who are deaf and are unable to communicate through speech. It is the use of hand signals and motions to produce language. There are many different forms of sign language that are widely used and accepted, among them…

There has been different research that proposed to explain how working memory capacity and different processing strategies enhance or interfere with memory performance. Although the literature cover different research, this review will focus in encoding and retrieval process of information, and the importance of working memory capacity. There is an important relation between individual differences in Working Memory Capacity (WMC) and retrieving information from long-term memory (LTM). In this…

Working Memory (WM) Working memory is defined as a kind of mental “workbench” where individuals manipulate and assemble information when they make decisions, solve problems, comprehend written and spoken language (Baddely, 2012). And is central in a wide range of cognitive abilities. WM and Bilingualism The primary process of executive function includes cognitive control like inhibition and shifting in working memory. This involves the ability to override a habitual but incorrect response…

the differences in working memory capacity and long-term memory recall. Working memory capacity is defined as a system for temporarily storing and managing of the information required to carry out complex cognitive tasks such as learning, reasoning, and comprehension. Long-term memory is defined as memory that involves the storage and the recall of information over a long period of time (weeks or months). In this study participants were asked to perform categorical cued and free recall tasks.…

Baddeley created the working memory model as a way of explaining short term memory. He proposed that it consisted of 3 subsections, a central executive, a phonological loop and a visuo-spatial sketchpad, these subsystems are then further fractionated. Logie (1995) proposed that the visuo-spatial sketchpad is divided into two components; a visual cache and an inner scribe. The inner scribe contains information on movement and spatial awareness. Whereas the visual cache stores information about…

According to Gould, (2010). different studies have shown the negative effects of drug use on working memory: Morphine has been shown to impair working memory (Friswell et al.,2008); polydrug users who preferred cocaine or heroin, continued to have cognitive impairments, including working memory, up to five months into abstinence (VerdejoGarcía, and Pérez-García, 2007); methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) caused working memory impairment even two and a half years after cessation of use…

In Alan Baddeley’s article, “Is Working Memory Still Working?” he broke down the components of working memory in an attempt to discover if it still works efficiently. After analyzing multiple studies, the conclusion that working memory has always worked, and still works, was developed. While Baddeley gave a systematic and detailed analysis of applicable research, there are several issues with this article. Throughout the article his tone lacked confidence, tenses switched frequently, figures…

Memory is a fundamental factor in psychology that has been found difficult to explain and measure as it is not tangible or measurable. Three main memory models have been devised which attempt to explain the different aspects of memory, one of which is the Working Memory Model. This model is used to explain short-term memory and its components and is constantly working to encode information we receive and pass it to our Long-term memory. We will be discussing how we use the working memory and…