Superior temporal gyrus

This study look at the comparison of children with autism spectrum disorder and children with developmental delays (Xiao et al., 2014). It was found that children with autism spectrum disorder have a larger volume of white matter, or myelinated axons, than children with a developmental delay. This was consistent with previous findings that used children without any type of disability as their control (Xiao et al., 2014). The study also found that grey matter volume in the child with autism spectrum disorder was “localized in the right superior temporal gyrus of the temporal lobe,” which is where the primary auditory cortex is found as well as Wernicke’s area, where speech processing occurs. White matter volume in children with autism spectrum disorder was greater “in the superior temporal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, right insula, and right Heschl’s gyrus” (Xiao et al., 2014). Some functions of these areas include: left middle temporal gyrus assists in face recognition and distance perception and the right insula is thought to play a role in consciousness. These differences suggest that the cognitive and behavioral symptoms associated with autism are related to the difference in neuroanatomy in a child with autism spectrum disorder (Xiao et al., 2014). Rodent models are also helpful when we want to look at the expressed behavior of a certain disorder. Kim et al. (2016) researched repetitive behaviors, a key feature of autism spectrum disorder, in mice. Although this…

For patients with temporal lobe epilepsy there is a high resistant to medication. This leads to a risk of memory impairments and mood disturbances. Long-term this leads to quality of life impairments and an increased risk of death. Due to the resistant to medication surgery is recommended for patients with TLE. Anteromesial temporal lobectomy (AMTL) is the most common surgery for the treatment of patients with TLE. AMTL is performed in both children and adults. AMTL is done in 30-40% of surgery…

Hierarchies make reference to a system that ranks people or groups into categories based on status or authority within a society. The origins of hierarchy are blurred, they range from the Greek to Renaissance period, but we know that in regards to Western society, hierarchies began as a caste organization which became imperial law. The caste organization makes reference to the nobility and the idea that those who were part of this circle were superior to others due to their religion, money and…

symbolize different things. Conrad used this term in ways to identify social and intellectual elements in order to help the reader get a feel of his outlook and his own opinions of the world. The two most noticeable interpretations of “darkness” were how it symbolized racism in the world and it also symbolized the enormous impact that an uncivilized world can have on a civilized person. Symbolism of racism was the first thing that stood out while reading this story. This idea came from the…

which implies that a child raised in an abusive, chaotic and neglectful home creates an association of threats and neural cues. These cues have the capacity to activate a fear response which can alter emotions, behaviors and physiology. These associations and neural cues can profoundly interfere with a child’s functioning in everyday life. “Alterations in gray matter development represent a potential pathway through which childhood abuse is associated with psychopathology.” De Bellis,…

explained on a neurological level. Although we have a vast amount of knowledge about psychopaths very few treatment options are known of. It is important for people to understand why a psychopathic individual acts the way that they do, and on a scientific level it is important to understand in order to develop better treatment options. It is almost imperative to try and regulate a psychopath’s brain because they cost society as a whole ten times more than an average person. The extra charges…

Identified as Brodmann’s area 22. Type: Fluent Severity: Deficits in comprehension, repetition, and naming. Other Characteristics: Speech is characterized by phonemic and semantic paraphasias and neologisms, or jargon aphasia. Patients are often unaware of their language disorder. Reading and writing are also impaired (Papathanasiou & Coppens, 2017). Conduction Aphasia Associated with lesions affecting the left temporal-parietal junction. It has been proposed that conduction aphasia results from…

Sometimes the thief is a member of the actual company who has a great head position within it, but ended up being greedy, just like the superior officer. This situation can also apply in the military if the superior officer is not punished for abusing his power above other personnel. Approaching the dilemma in a global perspective, countries in Europe describe orders differently as well as how and when following any order should take place. Countries such as England, Belgium, as well as Germany…

The FEF works with the superior colliculus (SC), located on the roof of the midbrain, to generate rapid, saccadic eye movements or saccades. A saccade is a type of eye movement in which the eyes rapidly and simultaneously move to change the point of fixation. For instance, when one’s eyes are skimming left to right while reading or when one’s eyes shift their focus from one object to another. The FEF produces saccade movement through four major pathways, “(1) a projection to the ipsilateral…

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a hinge joint that connects your jaw to your skull. You have two to connect both sides of your jaw to your skull specifically to your temporal bone. This allows you to be able to use your jaw in simple tasks such as eating or talking. Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is known as any kind of pain dealing with the temporomandibular joint or with the muscles located around the joint (WebMD). It is not quite clear what specifically causes, but specialists…