Heterarchy

The major difference between hierarchy and heterarchy is the fact they hierarchy has one single ruler whereas heterarchy has multiple bosses or rulers in the organisation to deal with various matter and sort out problems and take major decisions for the business. The hierarchical organisation is found in majority in the present day and they are bureaucratic in nature contrary to that of heterarchial structure. As stated by Dam and Marcus (2007), the organisations that follow this hierarchical rule are the tall structures and the flow of communication is vertical in nature in these organisations. There are several managerial levels in this form of structure along with clear lines of commands at the same time. The employees need to follow the…

We have an idea of what the complexities of inequality are based on the information in the previous section. However, what generates the unequal distribution of earnings, wealth, income, opportunities and, etc.? According to Goran Therborn’s essay, inequality can be created in four basic ways. The triggers of inequality consist of: • Distantation • Exclusion • Hierarchy • Exploitation First, distantation is the idea that some individuals are racing ahead, while others fall behind (Therborn,…

Society often dictates how individuals view themselves and others. Individuals who deviate from what is considered the norm are often ostracized for their irregularities. Identity is the characteristic of determining who or what a person is. Society questions these abnormal traits as if they are temporary, however, they are innate and therefore, cannot be changed. Cathy Davidson’s, Project Classroom Makeover, talks about how hierarchies have created a broken education system whose educational…

In the past, high-leveled hierarchical structure was popular for companies as it increased effectiveness when the economy was booming with mass production. (REF) Yet, it is defined as ‘rigid, tight’ and power is centralised in the hand of executives. (Ambrose and Schminke, 2003). However, nowadays, since trust is believed to be one of the main factors that boost the company’s performance (Kolajic and Rodojcic, 2011:28), organisations are flattening their structures (REF). ‘Trust’ has a broad…

Walmart as a Bureaucracy Bureaucracies have increased and are quickly infiltrating almost every area of life in the Western Hemisphere. From the city government to the military, bureaucracy provides an important form of social organization. In fact, referencing the federal bureaucracy, The Washington Post states, “Our carefully constructed system of checks and balances is being negated by the rise of a fourth branch, an administrative state of sprawling departments and agencies that govern with…

Effects of Power Distance in an Organization Student`s Name Institution Effects of Power Distance in an Organization Every organization has an aim of growing, for this to happen, it has to ensure wide customer base which is as a result of the production of goods of high quality and quantity; employees play key roles in ensuring that this goal is achieved hence their importance. The greatest challenge facing organizations are recognizing the cultural variations in each association to cohesively…

The year is twenty sixteen, we now have cars that park themselves, we’ve invented innovative medicine and have the latest technology trending around communication. Although we have made medical breakthroughs in research and continue to advance in technology, our society as a whole, seems to be moving backwards. Over the last few years, there has been a great focus on poverty, race and equality in America due to the large amount of discrimination and hatred that we’ve been experiencing. Such hate…

Hierarchy is a generally accepted term and often associated with positions given on the basis of social status—believed to either bring to order and solidity, or destruction and discrimination into society. Either way, it is an inevitable and existent model in society today; From the beginning of time, this model has been embedded within society through organized religions’, governments, educational institutions, occupational positions, in families, in the biological and chemical aspects in the…

There are many who have gone through great depths to obtain a formal education. Striving through the strenuous institutionalized setting, through lectures, assignments, papers, and examinations, to finally being able to stand under the raining of square caps. But after all, what is this institutionalized setting; what is school? Most may claim that it is an inevitable step: a key to unlock doors and pathways, which would eventually lead one to a promising future. Others may perhaps refer it as a…

The central enigma of community for Cavell, as I have elaborated tacitly thus far, appears to be winning a coherence in how it (naturally and conventionally) makes possible speaking in the name of others, and how it makes room for the difference of those who are spoken for. I have called the challenges to this coherence, following and improvising on Cavell, privacy and hierarchy. Concerning the former, Cavell writes, So the fantasy of a private language, turns out, to be a fantasy, or fear,…