Fusiform gyrus

The frontal eye field, also referred to as FEF, is a region of the brain located in the prefrontal cortex. The FEF is responsible for preparing and controlling eye movements through different pathways as well as visual perception and awareness. The electrical stimulations occurring in this area is able to trigger eye movements. It was first discovered by scientist Dave Ferrier in the 1870’s when he found that electric stimulation of this part of the brain produced movement in the eyes and head in monkeys. Over the following years, the stimulation of this area was replicated in various other species of primates such as gorillas, orangutans, chimpanzees, etc. Currently, the FEF is identified by electrical stimulation by low electrical currents. The many studies done after Ferrier looked more into the anatomy as well as the nature of the type of movements evoked. The FEF begins to develop about 3 weeks after fertilization in a human fetus. The FEF works with the superior colliculus (SC), located on the roof of the midbrain, to generate rapid, saccadic eye movements or saccades. A saccade is a type of eye movement in which the eyes rapidly and simultaneously move to change the point of fixation. For instance, when one’s eyes are skimming left to right while reading or when one’s eyes shift their focus from one object to another. The FEF produces saccade movement through four major pathways, “(1) a projection to the ipsilateral superior colliculus concentrated in the…

study look at the comparison of children with autism spectrum disorder and children with developmental delays (Xiao et al., 2014). It was found that children with autism spectrum disorder have a larger volume of white matter, or myelinated axons, than children with a developmental delay. This was consistent with previous findings that used children without any type of disability as their control (Xiao et al., 2014). The study also found that grey matter volume in the child with autism spectrum…

“centre” (H. Ellis & Young, 1989) on Analysis, Through FMRI, key areas of the brain do respond to pictures of places (Parahippocampal cortex) faces (fusiform gyrus) and to bodies located in a area close to the fusiform gyrus ( Downing, Chan, Peelen, Dodds, & Kanwisher, 2005; Kanwisher, 2010). Places, faces and bodies we have expertise for, possibly increasing the activity of a cell population, supporting the expertise hypothesis. If the fusiform gyrus does respond to expertise we would expect…

system (Lidaka, 2013). The fusiform gyrus is an area on the temporal lobe within the brain that is believed to be more highly activated when looking at images of faces (Kanwisher, McDermott & Chun, 1997). Studies have found evidence for certain areas within the fusiform gyrus, specifically the right-hand side of the region, to show signs of higher activation when participants are shown images of faces compared to other objects (Kanwisher, McDermott & Chun 1997). It has been suggested that face…

Whether the fusiform gyrus is an area of the brain which is specifically for perception of human faces. 2) Explain why this new ROI technique is important for fMRI research. Results collected from part I were used in order to produce exact ROIs for subjects in the following parts, by outlining the foundations of the faces versus objects test. These ROIs were used for parts II and IIIs tests and analyses. There are a couple of issues with the process of fMRI, one being that it is nearly…

A staggering amount of people live in the world; however, no human is identical to another. Human beings are the most complex creatures on the earth. A myriad of researchers, scientists, and psychiatrists have been searching for an answer to the complexity of mankind. Eventually, a multitude of clues led them to a reasonable answer: the brain. With that information, they started experimenting on the human brain. Psychiatrists, along with many others, have researched several treatments for mental…

the floor of the lateral sulcus. One gyri seen here is the transverse temporal gyri which makes up the primary auditory cortex. The circular sulcus surrounds the insula and is lateral to the superior surface of the temporal lobe. The insula forms the floor of the lateral sulcus. The landmarks for the temporal lobe include the Sylvian fissure which separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes. The fusiform gyrus is seen on the inferior surface of the brain posteriorly into the…

According to Fusar-Poli (2009), schizophrenia is delineated by prefrontal activity and elevated striatal dopaminergic functions. There are primary neurological brain abnormalities in individuals with schizophrenia. For example; robust abnormalities elevated in striatal dopamine activity and prefrontal cortical dysfunctions (Fusar-Poli, 2009). Other abnormalities include white matter in the right superior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, bilateral parahippocampal gyrus, adjacent to the…

When the brain is presented with a face, the FRUs are activated and the face is compared with a database of stored images of all the faces a person has ever seen, known as the right fusiform gyrus. If a match is found, the anterior temporal cortex recalls a store of information about the person (PINs) and name retrieval occurs (Gainotti, 2014). However, with prosopagnosia, face recognition does not occur; this is thought to be due to damage to the right fusiform gyrus (Lidaka, 2013). This theory…

Zhu et al., decided to test the volume of the hippocampus and fusiform gyrus in relation to differences in creation of true and false memories (2016). The participants were shown events while simultaneously listening to misinformation and asked to recall the correct details. The researchers tested memory of the events after one hour and 1.5 years and found that the hippocampus is time-limited, there was no significant correlation found after 1.5 years. True memory was significantly positively…