Signal transduction

Using infliximab to treat Crohn’s disease Introduction Crohn’s disease is a type of IBD that causes inflammation in any part gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. In response to this inflammation, the body’s immune system attacks the GI tract (Dessein, 2008). The progression of this chronic inflammatory disease is brought about by the action of several cellular processes and pro-inflammatory mediators (Poggioli, 2007). Because there is no single factor that can be targeted to…

Charbill Klayme 0993551 Dr. Hye-Jeong Yeo Functions of SREBPs Abstract SREBPs are 1,150 Amino Acid long proteins that are used to activate cholesterolgenesis. SREBP-1a are used to induce all the response genes. The SREBP-2 are used to allow expression of the LDL receptor. Ubiquination, usually by the kinase GSK3, can be the weapon to destructing SREBPs. SREBP-1a will build more cholesterol and fatty acids in rats and mice when it is over expressed. The SREBP-1c are best studied in the…

4. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) PAI-1 is used to evaluate the risk of thrombosis. It is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin), therefore it is also known as serpin E1. Human SERPINE1 gene encodes for PAI-1. PAI-1 inhibits Fibrinolysis through the inhibition of the serine proteases, Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), which activate plasminogen. So any increase in PAI-1 decreases fibrinolysis consequently increasing the risk of…

One of the viruses that extend in massive areas of the world, and compel the scientists to look again for this virus is a ZIKA virus. As a result of the rapid prevalence of a ZIKA virus in Asia, Africa and America, it classifies now as an emerging virus, on the other hand, the lack of biological research leads to Increasing the cases of ZIKV in the world. This project sheds light on the mystery novel that allows ZIKV invasion and infection the host cells. A penetration process of ZIKA virus…

There are many diseases out there that effect the lungs, and can be life-threatening. They affect millions of people every year. Some examples would be lung cancer and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Cancer is a disease that, among other things, effects the communication between cells. Acute respiratory distress syndrome prevents oxygen from getting into the blood. With so many people being at risk, it can lead some people to wonder why the cure hasn’t already been created. There are many…

4.2 RES as activator of sirtuins and other biological target structures There are several molecular activities discussed that should convey the health-promoting effects of RES. In one of the most important (if not the decisive one) study, it was shown that RES modulates the activity of the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) (3). SIRT1 belongs to a protein family consisting of seven (SIRT1-SIRT7) individual members that are unique Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide…

The dopamine active transporter is a 12 integral membrane-spanning protein that moves the neurotransmitter dopamine out of the synapse back into cytosol terminating therefore the signal of the neurotransmitter. The dopamine reuptake via DAT is the primary mechanism from which dopamine is cleared from synapses. Its function requires the binding and cotransport of two Na+ ions and one Cl− ion with the dopamine substrate. The driving force for DAT-mediated dopamine reuptake is the ion concentration…

The first receptor I will be doing is the Somatostatin receptor there is so much behind this receptor. Somatostatin (SST), otherwise called somatotropin discharge restraining variable (SRIF), is a hypothalamic hormone, a pancreatic hormone, and a focal and fringe neurotransmitter. Somatostatin has a wide conveyance all through the focal sensory system (CNS) and also in fringe tissues, for instance in the pituitary, pancreas and stomach. The different activities of somatostatin are intervened by…

MuSK consists of fourteen exons and is found on chromosome 4 in mice and on chromosome 9 in humans. The structure of MuSK is divided between the extracellular region, transmembrane domain (TM), juxtamembrane domain (JM) and a catalytic domain. The extracellular region includes four immunoglobulin-like domains (Ig) and between the two last one a cysteine-rich domain (C6) represented in Figure 6B. Then it follows the TM, which is located in the membrane of the muscle fiber, the JM and the tyrosine…

Good Evening, it's been a busy week here I finally have a few moments to put some thoughts into an email. A few things about me, I am married to my lovely wife Jennifer and we have two kids in the houses (I also have two kids in Missouri with former spouse). I am finishing up my military career with 20 years as an Unmanned Aircraft Operator with very little IT experience to my name except for troubling video cables or getting power generation running again. I am usually very good with…