Nitric acid

The formation of benzilic acid results from the reaction of benzil with ethanol and potassium benzilate. In order to produce benzil, benzoin was reacted with nitric acid. A crude product of benzil was produced from the reaction of benzoin and nitric acid. Through the process of multi-step synthesis, benzil was produced through the oxidation of an alpha-hydroxyketone to an alpha-diketone using nitric acid. Prior to the reaction of nitric acid and benzoin, nitric acid was protonated to form an oxonium ion. The hydroxyl group on benzoin acts as a nucleophile and attacks the positively charged nitrogen from the protonated nitric acid. This results in the removal of water from nitric acid and the formation of an organic nitrate. Water abstracts…

and academia for sustainability. Oxidation can be stated as the technology which converts petrochemical supplies to materials which has higher oxidation state. However, this process causes many problematic issues due to its many drawbacks. In chemical industry, nitric acid is the most common industrial oxidant (Noyori, Aokib and Satoc, 2003). Nitric acid has been used for many years as an oxidant. It has the characteristics to ionise readily in a solution. Nitric acid can react with metals,…

Chemistry Stockroom), 6 M HCl (EIU Chemistry Stockroom), 10% BaCl2, 6 M HNO3 (EIU Chemistry Stockroom) Equipment – Ocean Optics Spectrometer USB4000, Logger Pro Procedure – In order to find the mass percent of the sulfate, the sulfate needed to separate itself from the rest of the double salt. To do this, experimenters began by weighing out 0.998 g of the double salt into a 250-mL beaker. They then used the graduated cylinder to add about 150 mL of deionized water and 2 mL of the 6 M HCl into…

Foremost, I displayed the absorbance of brass that was contained in each milliliter of concentrated nitric acid by saying how much brass was in each milliliter Cu(NO₃)₂. Next, I used the molarity formula M= mol/L to intently calculate the grams of copper within each specified concentration of brass (i.e. 0.1M = 0.0127). Furthermore, using the newly found grams of brass, I needed to create my calibration curve graph by plotting my known values in the graph. Lastly, using one of the points of my…

Adipic acid is mainly use as monomer in manufacture Nylon 6/6 fiber, plasticizer, grease, polyurethane etc. There are several countries in the world that manufacturing the adipic acid. But there also countries that just is a supplier for this adipic acid to any factory that need adipic acid in their countries. The main countries that produce adipic acid are United State of America and also China. Almost ninety percent of adipic acid manufactured in United State of America is used to produce…

Then a piece of filter paper was put into a Büchner funnel which was attached to the filter flask. Then the water to the aspirator was turned on and the remaining solids were transferred to the funnel. Then the copper was rinsed with distilled water and kept on the aspirator to until it was dried. Lastly, the copper was put on a watch glass to weigh the amount of copper left at the end of the experiment. Results and Discussion: Cycle step 1 of the experiment was begun by weighing out about 250…

Results Table 1 – Reactions and evidence of the reaction occurring Steps Reaction and chemical equation Evidence for the reaction 1 Copper (s) + Nitric acid (aq) Nitrogen dioxide(g) + water (l) Cu(s)+4HNO3(aq) (CuNO3)2+2NO2(g)+H2O(l) - Colour change from blue to green - Orange gas was emitted 2 Copper nitrate (aq) + Sodium Hydroxide (aq) Copper Hydroxide + Sodium Nitrate Cu(NO3)2(aq)+2NaOH(aq) CuOH(s)+2NaNo3(aq) - Colour change from green to blue - Gas was produced, vapour 3 Copper hydroxide…

Introduction/ what is Acid Rain? Acid rain, or acid precipitation is a term used to describe any form of precipitation with a pH of less than 5.6. In recent years, the effects of acid rain are being experienced on a global scale with widespread environmental effects. Primarily, acid rain is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the combustion of fossil fuels. However, even pure rainwater is slightly acidic (pH of 5.6-6.5) due to the reaction between H2O and…

Acid Rain is best described as any form of precipitation with high levels of nitric and sulfuric acid. Acid rain or acid deposition is the result of burning of fossil fuels. About two-thirds of SO2 and one-fourth of NOx are released into the air; it comes from electric power generators. These chemicals react would react with water, oxygen, and other substances to form delicate solution of sulfuric and nitric acid to form acidic pollutants. The source of sulphur dioxide comes from volcanoes,…

Nitric oxide can be administered by a few different ways. When a patient is on a ventilator, nitric oxide is nebulized on the inspiratory cycle. Nitric oxide can also be given by a facemask or even a nasal cannula. The normal ranges for nitric oxide is 1 – 80 parts per million. High levels of nitric oxide can be very harmful and may even cause death, pulmonary edema or methemoglobinemia. A high concentration would be considered to be between 5,000 and 20,000 ppm. The length of time that…