Immobilized enzyme

chemical inertness of MWCNTs, it is essential to create reactive groups on the surface for further modification [15]. The carboylic groups on the MWCNTs provide ideal anchoring point for the covalent immobilization of enzyme using EDC/NHS [15]. It has been demonstrated that sonicating MWCNTs in a mixture of acid solution opens the tube caps and forms carboxylic groups at the defect sites along the side walls [36]. Fig. 1 shows the FTIR spectra of MWCNTs and acid-treated MWCNTs. The appearance of sharp peaks at 1642 cm-1 indicates the presence of carbonyl groups (C=O) of the quinine type units along the side walls of the nanotubes [37], and its intensity decreased after acidification. Two noticeable peaks appeared at 1737 and…

In this research, mesoporous material KIT-6 silica with high surface area (924.5 m2/g) and pore diameter (9.71 nm) was successfully synthesized using rice husk ash as a silica source. According to the SAXS analysis and TEM micrographs, the silicate structure of as-prepared KIT-was not distrupted by the functionalization and activation treatments with 3-APTES and glutaraldehyde, but showed a significant decrease in pore diameter and total pore volume as the compound was covalently bonded to the…

Sweta Soni 2/22/15 Biochem Lab Experiment 5 Introduction The purpose of Experiment 5-1 is to separate a mixture of three molecules—blue dextran, cytochrome c, and potassium chromate—through the use of gel-filtration chromatography. The volume at which each molecule elutes will be recorded in order to determine the accuracy of separation. The purpose of Experiment 5-2 is to purify the E. coli enzyme, β-Galactosidase through the use of affinity chromatography on…

In general, enzyme thermostability is an intrinsic property, determined by the primary structure of the protein. However, external environmental factors including cations, substrates, co-enzymes, modulators, polyols and proteins often increase enzyme thermostability. With some exceptions, enzymes present in thermophiles are more stable than their mesophilic counterparts. Some organisms produce enzymes with different thermal stability properties when grown at lower and higher temperatures. There…

on the enzyme activity and action of catechol oxidase, an enzyme containing copper which oxidizes phenols such as catechol with the use of dioxygen, were examined throughout several trial procedures. The experiment was conducted to determine the optimal pH for an enzyme to carry out its action, as well as to determine…

Enzymes speed up the rates of most biochemical reactions by helping reactants interact with each other. Since enzymes are highly specific for a specific reaction, they only catalyze one or a few types of reaction. One of important enzymes in human body and many other animals is amylase that hydrolyzes starch, a major part of human diet for many people in the world. There is a variety of amylase produced from many sources in our body such as salivary glands in the mouth, pancreas cells, and small…

Fermentation Rate in Different Sugars Abstract: This experiment is designed by students after studying the process of cellular respiration and fermentation. It demonstrates students’ understanding over the materials and utilization of the lab setting. In this experiment, the primary focus will on the speed of fermentation in different substances (sugars) in the same condition (temperature, volume, amount of yeast). Each solution will be mix with a fix amount of yeast and put in fermentation…

The purpose of conducting this experiment was to explore how different factors affect the reaction rate of enzymes reacting with their corresponding substrates in order to learn more about how enzymes function in different environments. The independent variables investigated in this experiment were the concentration of different substrates, the temperature of the environment, and the effect of a catalyst on the reaction rate. The dependent variable for all of the investigations was the time it…

Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is a homodimeric enzyme complex that is commonly found in a wide range of organisms, from bacteria to all tissues of the human body. AP is a zinc metalloenzyme (1), in which metal ions play a key role in the regulation of catalytic activities and stabilization of enzyme-substrate complex. As proposed by Gettins and Coleman using NMR studies (10), each active site of AP comprises of three metal binding sites, which acknowledged as M1, M2, and M3. Two zinc ions bind to…

This bacteria had a positive catalase test meaning that it contains the enzyme catalase and was able to turn the hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen and that this bacteria uses aerobic respiration. When plated on a mannitol/salt plate the bacteria was able to grow on the plate meaning that it has a resistance to high salt environment and live in environments that are high in salt, but had a negative fermentation result meaning that it was unable to ferment mannitol. Also, this bacteria was…