Genomics

refractory disease (a disease which does not respond to treatment) is common, and relapse represents the major cause of treatment failure.” (5). The ultimate goal of this study was to identify nonoverlapping subgroups of patients, and to permit a fully genomic classification of…

autonomous element called "activator" (Ac), which can also promote its own transposition. Of course, these discoveries were preceded by extensive breeding experimentation. The behaviour of kernel colour alleles was revolutionary in its proposition that genomic replication does not always follow a consistent pattern. Indeed, as a result of both autonomous and activator-controlled transposition at different stages of seed development, the genes of maize kernels are capable of producing a variety…

reported a draft genome sequence of the model moss Physcomitrella patens and compared its features with those of flowering plants, from which it is separated by more than 400 million years, and unicellular aquatic algae. This comparison revealed genomic changes naturally associated with the evolutionary movement to land, including a general increase in gene family complexity; loss of genes associated with aquatic environments (e.g., flagellar arms); acquisition of genes for tolerating…

or individualized medicine. On basis of individual needs, the personalized medicine customizes medical treatments as well as health care. In addition, the Pharmacogenomics will treat all patients with advanced medications. In the drug treatment, genomic testing brings new development. To assist most effective and safest medications, Pharmacogenomics offers clinicians along with the additional tool that help people clinicians to avoid possible side effects. The Pharmacogenomics test common today…

surrounding the design and conduct of genetic research with people, including the process of informed consent”, and “The education of healthcare professionals, policy makers, students, and the public about genetics and the complex issues that result from genomic research” (12). One of the many issues that arose with the popularity of genetic testing and gene therapy due to the Human Genome project was based around expense. Genetic testing while becoming more accessible with programs like 23 And…

The Arabidopsis thaliana, world’s most widely known and used plant model organism today, yet what Characteristics caught scientists attention and why was this small flowering plant chosen. Also under what circumstance had it preserved through that allowed it to be crowned the title model organism. Arabidopsis first interested scientists as a self-pollinating plant that would completes its life cycle within 6 weeks, alongside the characteristic of the smaller genome size (1.2 × 108 bp) than…

Imagine a loved one is at the hospital and as the doctors are out trying to figure out a diagnosis, you’re sitting in the room, wondering what could possibly be wrong. The doctors arrive with a clipboard in their hand and say three simple words; ‘You have cancer.’ Everything stops and the room goes dead silent as the words finally sink in because it doesn’t matter what kind or what stage it’s at, how long they have before treatment, or if it’s even treatable; your loved one is possibly living a…

pairs of A+T, have a composition of 35 - 43%. DNA strains for T. aquaticus are naturally transferable and under normal physiological conditions, they can be directly incorporated after they are taken up. The distinguishing feature of T. aquaticus’ genomic structure is the 16s rRNA gene III. This is what differentiates it from all other thermophiles. Two studies have demonstrated that T. aquaticus has 4 plasmids. Thermus aquaticus is heterotrophic in nature and, needs organic compounds from the…

In 2005, new sequence technique, which known as next-generation or second generation sequencing, was emerged after three decades of Sanger sequencing dominance. The new technique, 454 pyrosequencing, has completely new mechanism compared with the previous one, where this technique depended on series of enzymatic steps that including four enzymes polymerase, ATP sulfurylase, luciferase and apyrase under pyrosequencing mechanism. The name 454 pyrosequencing derived from pyrophosphate that realised…

pathway and/or the telomerase complex. One study described a founder mutation (p.S270N) in POT1 in Italian melanoma families, with mutation carriers having longer telomeres than non-carriers. In the absence of shelterin , telomeres resemble unstable genomic DNA, known as fragile sites, which lead to the formation of aberrant DNA structures; these were found in mutation carriers, reinforcing the hypothesis that these mutations alter the function of the shelterin…