Genomics

Epigenetics is the modification of the genome to regulate gene expression. This process is achieved through a variety of different mechanisms including but not limited to, chromatin condensation, acetylation modification, and methylation modification. Gene expression can also be altered through a number of non-epigenetic mechanisms, such as environmental factors, like temperature, and the introduction of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) into the environment. The level of chromatin…

to the mass growth in animal population 541 million years ago. According to Smith and Harper, scientists have been proposing hypotheses on the cause of this event since the dawn of science. Hypotheses range from explosions in space to “intrinsic genomic reorganization” and many others. Most current ideas fall into three categories. They propose that, “The rapid diversification of animals in the early Cambrian is likely to have been the result of a complex interplay of biotic and abiotic…

nurse must prepare them spiritually, emotionally, mentally, and physically for what is going to happen. There are other areas in nursing that through research can help create a new opportunity for nursing interventions, for example, the study of genomic variation where the patient’s genes can help fabricate interventions unique to the patient. Also, by studying and comprehending a women’s experience before and after a big surgery, like a Coronary Bypass…

DNA damage can range from the formation of DNA adducts, base substitutions, insertions, and deletions (Alexandrov, et al., 2016), genomic structural rearrangements, chromosomal instability (Helleday, Eshtad, & Nik-Zainal, 2014), over activity of DNA repair mechanisms, damage to mitochondrial DNA and microRNA, excessive apoptosis, and damage to genes related to cellular respiration (Izzotti…

(Sarkar & Guttman, 2004). How it has obtained these specificities has been investigated, and HGT is believed to be a driving factor allowing for host ‘jumps’ (Hanekamp, Kobayashi, Hayes & Stayton, 1997). A study by Sakar et al. (2006) used comparative genomics…

Drug discovery represents one of the most promising and highly visible outcomes of marine biotechnology research (Mishra, 2007).Bio-chemicals produced by marine invertebrates, algae and bacteria are very different than those from related terrestrial organisms and thus offer great potential as new classes of medicines. To date, examples of marine-derived drugs include an antibiotic from fungi, two closely related compounds from a sponge that treat cancer and the herpes virus, and a neurotoxin…

There are many potential benefits and consequences that are associated with the inclusion of the whole genome sequencing into the newborn screening program. The WGS has been relatively successful in providing researchers with a more accurate conclusion of potential metabolic and genetic disorders of the newborns screened (Blackmann, 2015). This information as you have mentioned can be vital in creating early treatment plans for parents to consider for their child. However, due the WGS being a…

Autism is a complex developmental disability. It is a result of a neurological disorder and has an effect on normal brain function, where the different areas of the brain fail to work together. It affects the development of a person’s communication and social interaction skills. The symptoms, according to WebMD are a delay in learning to talk, or not talking at all, repeated types of behaviours, interests, and play. Symptoms usually start before a child Is 3 years old and many children have…

In the early 1900s, inherited diseases were first linked to chromosomes. Discoveries starting in the 1950s have helped scientists to develop genetic tests for genetic conditions such as Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Genetic testing was initially used to make or confirm a diagnosis of a genetic condition, and to screen newborns for conditions such as phenylketonuria (PKU), so that early interventions and treatments could be administered. The screening of these…

Overuse of antibiotics in animals is nothing short of abuse and ignores the call to treat animals humanely. Antibiotics are forced onto animals merely as a growth factor; they fatten up the animals and speed up the period of time for growth to put more money in the pocket of the business (Reardon, “US”). While the FDA has called for a voluntary end to this practice, the cruelty does not end there. According to Matthew Scully, the author of Dominion: The Power of Man, the Suffering of Animals,…