Fixed-wing aircraft

Ever since he first saw birds, man has been possessed with an overwhelming desire to fly. He determined that he would accomplish this goal regardless of how long it took. As a result of that tenacity to accomplish flight, we have the aircraft and technology we have today because of this passion for flight. Countless stories have been written on flight, one of the most famous ones being of Daedalus and his son, Icarus1. In this story, Daedalus and his son have completed the Labyrinth for King…

sky is the limit when it comes to what can come from imagination, they built the first aircraft in history that went airborne. In 1903 they created a man made craft made of stick and fabric that achieved what was thought in those days impossible. Wilbur and Orville did most of their research in Dayton, Ohio, but tested their plane in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. They took turns lying face down on the bottom wing, with "the wind in the pilot's face". The Wrights' first flight went 120 feet in…

Introduction To understand aircraft propulsion it is important to understand the term propulsion first. Propulsion is a means of producing force required for movement of object. The propulsion system has some source of mechanical power and some means of using this power to generate force such as wheels, propellers, legs, etc. Nobody can precisely tell the origin of mankind’s desire to fly as it is lost in the distant past. There are legends of people strapping birdlike wings and jumping of a…

sections where very high loads apply. Milled ribs are solid structures, manufactured by milling away excess material from a solid block of metal, and are also used where very high loads apply. The stringers on the skin panels run in the length of the wing, and so usually need to bridge the ribs. There are several methods for dealing with this problem. The stringers and ribs can both be uninterrupted. The stringers now run over the rib, leaving a gape between rib and skin. Rib and skin are…

been studied (Vielmeter, 1954) will be used to determine which basking method Danaus plexippus utilize often and to figure out which basking posture is favored to keep the specie warm. Time where the butterfly spends basking in the sun, as well as wing position will be recorded to determine the heat transfer…

Determining the effect of the mass on the drop time of a parachute Introduction and hypothesis The drop time of a parachute is dependent on multiple factors. Apart from mass, there is the obvious height, area of the parachute and other external factors such as wind. Mass is one of the main effectors of the drop time of a parachute, which can be proven through Newton’s second law, F=ma (Force=mass*acceleration). Rearranged, this gives a=F/m, where acceleration can also be gravity, if falling down…

by friction and differences in air pressure. There are many factors can affect the magnitude of drag force as with aircraft lift. The drag depends linearly on the shape and size of the object moving through the air. The object’s cross-sectional shape determines the form drag which is created by the pressure variation around the object and affects the induced drag of the lifting wing. The surface roughness of the object also affects the amount of drag. The material with smooth and waxed surface…

will go up. If the gravitational force is greater, then the object will go down or remain on the ground. World War I was the first time that airplanes were used on a large scale. At the start of World War One, aircraft were very basic and crude. By the time World War One had ended, aircraft had become far more sophisticated and had differentiated. The first use of airplanes in World War I was for reconnaissance. The airplanes would fly above…

This case study discusses in great detail the December 29th, 2010, incident involving American Airlines flight 2253. This aircraft is a Boeing 757-200 with the registered tail number of N668AA. Upon landing, this large commercial airliner ran off the departure end of runway 19 and came to a gentle stop in deep snow at Jackson Hole Airport, Jackson Hole, Wyoming. The occupants were not injured, and the airplane sustained minor damage (NTSB, 2010). The subsequent accident investigation…

Skydiving is a group organized and professionally guided sporting activity that involves individuals jumping from an aircraft, at a high altitude with parachutes and performing several acrobatic maneuvers during free fall before safely landing on the ground with the help of the parachutes. The free fall flights, which give people rests and restores them from work as a kind of recreation, stimulate people’s passion of lives and become parts of their wonderful memories. Jumping out of the airplane…