Cognitive psychology

strongly as a positive selective force in human evolution, channeling and refining their cognitive ability. However, it is fallacious to think that there was a single event at which social or cultural forces became important to the trajectory of human brain evolution. Elements of culture, whether tool-making or systems of communication, more likely came to be increasingly strong feedback loops for greater cognitive development as they accumulated over the past hundred thousand years of human…

The most prominent theory of working memory is Baddeley’s multicomponent model (Baddeley,1986, 2000; Baddeley & Hitch,1974). The assumption of this theory is that working memory is made up of several different components. These components are the phonological loop, the visuo-spatial sketchpad, the episodic buffer, and the central executive. The phonological loop, visuo-spatial sketchpad, and episodic buffer are specialized subsystems under the control of a generalized executive controller,…

Introduction Both cognitive psychologists and philosophers have been interested in cognitive development. The aim of this paper is to examine the developmental theories of Piaget, Vygotsky and Burner as they contend with cognitive development. Also, these theories are quite different from each other. John Piaget Swiss development psychologist John Piaget (1896-1980) was one of the first people to examine cognitive development systematically. Piaget proposed that children are born with a…

Ryan’s cognitive abilities were assessed through the use of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-V). The areas of cognitive processing ability measured include crystallized intelligence, short-term memory, visual-spatial processing, reasoning ability, and processing speed. The subtests measure different cognitive processing abilities, combining to form five index scores: Verbal Comprehension, Visual-Spatial, Fluid Reasoning, Working Memory and Processing Speed which all together…

Language Theory / Neurological Explanation Due to Bernie having difficulty with following directions, remaining on task, interacting appropriately with adults and peers, and since language is still developing, a cognitive connectionist language theory is best described for Bernie’s case. Cognitive connectionist or information-processing theorist according to Nickola W. Nelson in Language and Literacy Disorders, 2010, believe language is learned “using the same set of information process…

Oral Mechanism Exam Summaries 11.01.17 Oral Mechanism Exam (Age: 7) Overall expression, appearance, and size of Alissa’s facial features appeared symmetrical and within normal limits (WNL). The lips were parted at rest and function was adequate as evidenced by the ability to press, purse, and retract her lips. Jaw mobility was sufficient. The appearance and size of her tongue at rest were symmetrical and WLN; mobility of the tongue was WNL as evidenced by the ability to lateralize the tongue,…

different clusters for different types of social and cognitive interactions to be encouraged. For instance, there was a block area, a coloring station, a reading area, and a snack area. Each of these places promote different types of social and cognitive interactions such as cause and effect reasoning with other kids, classification, and how to be a friend. I feel that separating out these areas like they did helps encourage all types of social and cognitive interactions between the…

We all know that memory can be a very confusing topic to understand. Nevertheless, it is a very interesting topic. In certain studies that will be discussed further ahead, they talk about how memories are always disrupted when it comes to thinking or remembering certain things. These studies have been tested over many years but, the results may not always be certain. My group and I plan to reenter the topic of memory to find out how false memories come to be. It is important that we be able to…

1. This experiment compared the spatial selective attention between “neurologically normal young adults” and split-brain subjects by measuring response times when presented unilateral and bilateral visual arrays. 2. The purpose for this experiment was to gather information about spatial selective attention, and to investigate whether “an independent focus of attention is deployed by each surgically separated hemisphere in a visual search task, such that bilateral stimulus arrays can be scanned…

Cognitive Overload Have you ever gone to the kitchen and opened the refrigerator only to realize you couldn’t remember what you were looking for? How about staying up all night cramming and then forgetting everything as soon as the test is over? If so, you have just experienced cognitive overload, a result of our short-term memory exceeding the amount of information it can hold. In his article about cognitive load called “What Scientific Concept…