Cell

Plasmodium parasites that can be deadly (Lee, 2018). Sickle cell anemia is a form of anemia where an abnormal hemoglobin changes the shape of the red blood cells. Whether or not you have sickle-cell depends on your genotype. Individuals who have the genotype AA (HbA) have "normal" blood and no mutations which can lead them to contracting malaria more easily because they don't have protection. People with the AS genotype, (HbA & HbS) have the sickle cell trait because they have one normal…

Stem Cell Research In the two-thousand nine movie, My Sister’s Keeper by Jeremy Leven, a family is struck with tragedy when their daughter, Kate, is diagnosed with Leukemia and not expected to live past the age of five years old. The doctor covertly introduces the topic of in vitro fertilization to assure a perfect match to the little girl. The procedure was successfully performed, and the parents have a little girl who they named Anna. Anna has given blood, bone marrow, and stem cells to…

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a classification of the most common form of sickle cell disease. This class of sickle cell disease is genetic and is caused by the homozygous mutation of the beta-hemoglobin gene (beta S allele) in red blood cells [2]. Individuals who are diagnosed with sickle cell anemia have deformed (sickle shaped) red blood cells that have a lower lifespan [3]. This causes irreversible tissue damage and causes a vaso-occlusive crisis, which is pain in the abdomen, bones and chest…

There are many ethical arguments for and against stem cell research and therapy, regarding issues such as the types of cells, the sources and techniques of production, and use of them. There are few concerns about research on or therapeutic uses of adult stem cells. However, embryonic stem (ES) cells have been associated with serious ethical debates. The use of this new science and technology for human reproduction has prompted ethics and policy disputes around the world. There are studies done…

The Sickle Cell Disease is a very interesting but harmful disease.The Sickle Cell Disease was founded when a man named Walter Clement Noel went Dr. James B. Herrick office and asked if he had Anemia because he felt that he had the symptoms of Anemia. Anemia happens when that person doesn’t have enough red blood cells to carry oxygen to the body. Since Dr. Herrick did care about the compliments that Noel did, he sent Noel with Dr. Irons. When Dr. Irons took a look at Walter’s blood under a…

Cell cycle overview The role of the cell cycle is to allow a cell to increase its mass, acquire nutrients, duplicate DNA and divide into daughter cells. There are three stages within the cell cycle, interphase, mitotic (M) phase and cytokinesis. Interphase is further divided into Gap 1 (G1), Synthesis (S) and Gap 2 (G2) where the main agenda for the cell is to grow, and obtain nutrients in preparation for the next phase. The next stage is the M phase and includes four consecutive events,…

Chapter 1 Atherosclerosis Structure of the normal artery: Cell types composing the normal artery: Endothelial Cells: The endothelial cell (EC) of the arterial intima constitutes an important contact surface with blood. It plays an important role in vascular homeostasis. This blood compatibility is due to presences of heparan sulfate proteoglycan molecules on the surface of the EC. These molecules can serve as a cofactor for antithrombin III, which inhibit thrombin. The surface of the EC also…

Introduction: Embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent cells that are derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst. These cells have the potential to differentiate into any of the 3 embryonic germ layers, and if cultured properly eventually can become any type of cell within the body. Due to the controversy and ethical concerns regarding the use of ES cells, scientists have discovered a way to generate pluripotent cells, by using Human Induced Pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC).…

Why Embryonic Stem Cells are Essential The question that many scientists who are involved in embryonic stem cell research are facing is, which is more valuable? The life of a human suffering from a potentially deadly disease, or the life of human at one week of growth? Let first define what an embryonic stem cell is. Embryonic stem cells, they are resulting from “blastocyst stage embryos that develop in culture and are capable to indefinite expansion in vitro”. Now that you know the definition…

think that sickle cell disease only affects African Americans; however it affects people from “Sub-Saharan Africa, South America, the Caribbean, Central America, Saudi Arabia, India, Turkey, Greece, and Italy.” (Thompson, Ceja, Yang, 2012). In technical terms, sickle cell disease is where the sickle cells don’t have normal hemoglobin levels, which makes the red blood cells have the shape of moon crescents. This presents a problem for the body because the abnormally shaped red blood cells don’t…