Broad-spectrum antibiotic

The 20th century saw a series of remarkable discoveries that changed the face of medical practice. Among the most important was the discovery of antimicrobial agents, beginning with the synthesis of arsphenamine by Paul Ehrlich as the century dawned [1]. With this discovery, the dreaded scourge of syphilis was brought under control, although not eradicated. However, the toxicity of the drug made it less than ideal as an antimicrobial agent. Shortly thereafter, optochin (ethyl cupreine) was tried…

Does Bacteria Gain Antibiotic Resistance? Antibiotic resistance can only occur when the bacteria changes in some way that reduces the effectiveness of drugs or chemicals designed to cure or prevent infections from further expanding in the body. With resistance, that’s exactly what these forms of bacteria are doing, multiplying and spreading or infecting others. The bacteria’s main goal is to survive and multiply in the environment they were introduced to so introducing an antibiotic will cause…

United States each year. Although the disease seems to be common and harmless, it could also be deadly, in some severe cases, when the bacteria spreads from the host’s intestines to the bloodstream to other parts of the body without the presence of antibiotics. The sources of Salmonella are predominantly from food animals and their products, such as eggs, milk, cheese, and meat. They are also found in wild animals and can “pass through the entire food chain from animal feed, primary…

Scientists. The infection at first, was not very harmful since it was easily treated, but as time has passed, the bacterium has become resistant to many antibiotics such as methicillin, amoxicillin, penicillin, oxacillin, and many more. The tough aspect of curing this infection, is that it keeps on adapting, so it becomes resistant to different antibiotics frequently. MRSA is spread by contact, so by touching another person or object who has the bacterium on them, will cause you to posses the…

Introduction The infection at the wound site is a severe kind of problem and it delays regeneration of epidermis and dermis in the wound and slows wound closure. Due to the secretion of microbial enzymes by wound pathogens, a variety of extracellular matrix proteins were degraded. Synthetic antimicrobial therapy used in the wound management and eradication of pathogens. However, it has many shortcomings such as anti-microbial resistance, cyto-toxicity against host tissue and absence of…

Bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria is a funny thing in the world of the living organisms. We, as humans, often look at bacteria as a germ or something that causes harm to our body but that is not the case. The Earth happens to widely depend on bacteria. We often forget that 99% of bacteria is good for us. We need these bacteria’s so they can occupy spaces in our body where else that 1% of bad ones will invade and make us sick. The bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, happens to be one of…

Another method in which antibiotic resistance occurs is via the freezing of polymorphisms (Eric D. Brown and Gerald D. Wright 2016). Polymorphisms are discontinuous variations in gene which results in numerous types of individuals within a species an example being the variations that exist between the single Canisfamiliaris species of dog. In the case of antibiotic resistance, freezing of certain polymorphisms means that bacte1ia cells who have variation which adequate makes up for fitness…

substances that have antimicrobial properties. For the purpose of this lab, we will consider a substance to have antimicrobial properties if it produces a measurable zone of inhibition within an E. coli culture. A zone of inhibition is the area around an antibiotic disc that contains no bacterial growth. Turmeric was tested because curcumin, the compound that gives turmeric its bright yellow pigment, has well-known antimicrobial properties (ACS). We also tested cinnamon because of its wide…

were put into three different agar plate and each plate were divided into four quadrants. In each of the four quadrant of the agar plates the antibiotics of ciprofloxacin, penicillin, Trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol were added onto each corresponding quadrants labeled to determine the reaction the microorganisms had to each antibiotics. The API 20E strip comprises of 20 microtubes containing desiccated substrates. These tests are inoculated with a bacterial suspension…

occurs when nephron tubules and/or filtration abilities of the kidneys become altered. For example, sulfonamides can crystallize in the kidney and form stones that obstruct urine flow. 2. Describe the three major side effects that may occur with antibiotic use. The major side effects of drugs fall into one…