Streptococcus

Gram-positive cocci are an interesting group of bacteria to study. Some common species include Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Sarcina lutea. Gram-positive cocci have a gram positive cell wall, cocci morphology and many different styles of grouping. Some species have begun to exhibit a resistance to fluoroquinolone by the use of altering the drug binding site and the use of a membrane pump (Hooper 2002). Thanks to the resistance to this antibiotic, this opens the door to superinfections. Superinfections occur when an antibiotic eliminates competing bacteria and allows the mutant and resistant survivors to repopulate. Superinfections can be dangerous especially in immunocompromised…

the back of the throat and the tonsils. The symptoms of strep throat include sudden pain in the throat without cold symptoms such as coughing or sneezing. Also white or yellow spots on your throat or tonsils, plus a bright red throat or dark red spots on the roof of your mouth or near the back of your mouth towards the throat. This bacterial infection commonly called strep throat is caused from streptococcus pyogenes. Group A streptococcus or GAS is a bacteria commonly found in the throat…

which concluded the genus of the gram positive is Streptococcus. Streptococcus ID introduced many different tests to further identify the gram positive species. One-fourth of the blood agar plate is to determine the hemolysis of the bacteria which is Alpha/Beta because of the partial to complete clearing of the red blood cells. Three-fourth of the plate was used in order to see the susceptibilities of the SXT and Bacitracin discs. There was no zone clearing for SXT which is resistant and 32 mm…

Streptococcus is a genus of non-motile gram-positive cocci classified by serological types (Lancefield groups A through T), by hemolytic action (a, B, Y) when grown on blood agar, and by reaction to bacterial viruses (phage types 1 to 86). The various species occur in pairs, short chains, and chains. Some are facultative aerobes, and some are anaerobic. Some species also are hemolytic, and others are non-hemolytic. Many species cause disease in humans. Streptococcus faecalis, a…

Streptococcus pyogenes Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as impetigo, strep throat, etc., is a flesh eating bacteria, that if left untreated, can lead to very serious symptoms. This bacterium is responsible for a wide array of infections. It can cause a sore throat, that is caused by, fever, enlarged tonsils, and sensitive cervical lymph nodes. Scarlet fever, as well as impetigo, and pneumonia are also caused by this bacterium. The less common infections consist of septicaemia, mastitis,…

differentiated; both of them these can be done either from collected urine from a spontaneously voided urine sample by determination of the protein/creatinine quotient. Hematuria can be characterized as either glomerular or nonglomerular erythrocyturia. The presence of dark brown-colored urine, RBC casts, and dysmorphic, small, deformed, sometimes divided RBCs and proteinuria is indicative of glomerular hematuria. The presence of dysmorphic RBCs and RBC casts indicating that both dysmorphic RBCs…

My professor had suggested that instead of me continuing on ahead doing the catalase test she had recommended that I do a mannitol salt agar test or a Blood agar test for my final test, which would help determine between Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis. I decided to go along with the mannitol salt agar method and again with my inoculated loop I grabbed some of my unknown #15 and I had applied it to aseptic technique to the agar plate. While waiting for my results to appear,…

When aseptically plated on the differential blood agar plate and compared to controls, Unknown 15 was identified as non-hemolytic (gamma hemolysis). Growth best resembled the control Staphylococcus epidermidis which is non-hemolytic, indicating that Unknown 15 did not produce hemolysins to lyse RBCs into hemoglobin (1). Therefore, the alpha and beta hemolytic genus Streptococcus was eliminated (5). There was not an inconsistency in this result but, rather, a variability. The species that Unknown…

ARF are higher in low socioeconomic areas, with 71% of cases being in areas of decile 10 socioeconomic deprivation. Lastly, the Ministry of Health (2015), acknowledged that barriers to health care and decreased treatment opportunities were high among Māori and pacific in cases of strep throat. The Whitehead & Dahlgren’s social model clearly demonstrates many social, biological, economical, and environmental aspects attributed with ARF. Comparatively, the biomedical model would barely illustrate…

The genera Streptococcus and Enterococcus both consist of Gram-positive cocci that are typically arranged in pairs or chains during growth.5 These bacteria are non-spore forming, facultative anaerobes.1, 5,6 While some are important members of the normal human microbiota, others are pathogenic and cause human diseases.1, 6 Thus far, the classification of these bacteria into major categories has been based on: 1. Serologic specificity of the cell wall group antigens (Lancefield antigens) and…