Beta amyloid

and represents approximately 1.5% of the DNA in cells. It was also the second human chromosome to be fully sequenced, after chromosome 22. Some of the genes located on chromosome 21 include APP, CBS, and HLCS; which stands for amyloid beta precursor protein, cystathionine-beta-synthase, and holocarboxylase synthetase, respectively. These, and other genes, are typically related to proteins and enzymes. One of these, DSCR1, is typically overexpressed in the brains of children with down syndrome…

Often times dementia is thought to be an interchangeable term for Alzheimer’s disease. However, dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are two similar yet different terminologies that should not be used in exchange for the other. Dementia is a broad term that is frequently used to describe people with underlying brain disorders who experience memory, communication and cognitive deficits. Neurodegenerative disease is usually the underlying factor that causes dementia. People who have dementia are…

The Impact of Sleep Deprivation “If you 're an average sort of person, 36% of your life will be spent asleep, which means that if you live to ninety, then thirty two years will have been spent entirely asleep.” Russell Foster - a neuroscientist – said in his presentation about “Why Do We Sleep?” on Ted Talks (Foster). The numbers that Foster provided can clearly show how important sleep is; however, a lot of people do not spend enough time sleeping. Statistics by CDC (the Center for Disease…

1. An aura is typically a short period of sensory disturbance (e.g. a bright light) which signals that ___________ will soon occur. a. Migraine episode b. Seizure episode c. Hallucination episode d. All of the above e. A and B only 2. ____________ is the human form of mad cow disease which is caused by the consumption of contaminated beef from cattle. a. Familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease b. Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease c. Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease d. Sporadic…

infected brain, there are fewer cells and connections which ultimately results in a shrinkage in size. There are two types of abnormalities in Alzheimer's brain tissue known as plaques and tangles. A plaques are clumps of protein, also called beta-amyloid, damage and destroy brain cells in a couple of different ways, interfering with cell-to-cell communication being one. Tangles are failures of system transport. Tau, a protein in the body that is required to work to carry essential nutrients…

Your brain is the “most complex living structure” in the world.(Independent) It contains 100 billion neurons and 1,000 trillion synaptic connections that never stop working, even when you sleep. The brain protects and holds the most important thing of all, your memory. Your memory is what allows you to remember how to brush your teeth, speak, or experience emotions. The cerebrum, the largest part of the brain, is where the short term memory is stored. It is not stored all in one place. It is…

It starts with simple forgetfulness. “Where are my keys?” and “What day is it?” were questions that Betty began to ask when she reached her golden years. She was soon forgetting how to get to the grocery store and couldn’t remember the names of her children. Before long, she was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s Disease, and it was quickly advancing. For months, Betty’s family struggled with the tantrums she would throw when someone urged her to attempt to remember something. Betty knew she was…

Dr. Bennet Omalu is the forensic pathologist credited with the discovery of the degenerative brain disease chronic traumatic encephalopathy, (CTE). Omalu first came into contact with CTE when he was working at the Pittsburgh coroner's office, when he was tasked with performing the autopsy on famous Steelers center Mike Webster. He eventually came to believe that the depression and dementia Webster had suffered prior to his death was linked to the hits he took playing football(Concussion 2).…

also leads to nerve cell death and tissue loss. When scientists or doctors look under a microscope at Alzheimer cells verses healthy cells you will see fewer nerve cells and synapses. Scientists have also found abnormal clusters of proteins called beta-amyloid. These clusters are called plagues. They have also found the dead or dying nerves contain tangles. Tangles are another protein called tau that is twisted. Although research cannot prove what causes the cells to die, it is believed that…

tied to Alzheimer’s are seen on MRI scans beginning around the ages 35 to 40 years old. Researchers have found that the people with Down syndrome who’ve also had Alzheimer’s symptoms have signs of beta-amyloid acumination, less activity in parts of the brain known to be affected by Alzheimer’s. Beta-amyloid protein is a protein found in excess in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease suffers. It circulates and in cerebrospinal fluid and is deposited into plaques found in the brains of patients with…