Solar cell

Solar cell technology has seen little innovation since the inceptive crystalline silicon solar cell. While crystalline silicon solar cells offer stable and high efficiencies (~24% out of a theoretical 33.7% maximum1), their manufacturing process is expensive and environmentally detrimental. Over the past decade, photovoltaic and optoelectronic materials based on organic molecules have gained popularity. These cells promise to be low-cost, flexible, environmentally friendly, and functionalizable.2,3 However, due to the increased complexity of the electron-donor systems owed to discrete molecular orbitals, the efficiencies of such cells are generally much lower. The prototypical organic photovoltaic cell has a bulk heterojunction design, sporting an active layer made of a donor-acceptor blend of polymers.4 To ensure effective charge percolation, the structure of n-doped and p-doped molecules must provide continuous pathways while intermingling on a 10 nm scale to allow exciton decoupling. Irregular quasi-crystalline…

3.1. Types of solar cells There are 3 main types of commercially available cells: 3.1.1Mono crystalline Silicon PV& Polycrystalline Silicon PV The occupational health issues are associated to chemical burns and inhalation of fumes from hydro fluoric acid (HF) and other solutions of acids (e.g., HNO3) and alkalis (e.g., NaOH) used for cleaning wafers ,removing complete oxide layer, and cleaning the reactor. Performing the slicing of wafers also results in solid waste for example (e.g.,…

Solar Energy Energy is considered as the most important issue of the 21st century. About 85% of today’s modern world use of energy comes from fossil fuels (Blah Blah). These particular resources, fossil fuels, are finite in quantity, and has been a major cause of air pollution and global warming. Scientists are finding alternative sources of energy to solve the century’s puzzle, a resource which is renewable, natural and efficient such as solar energy. Over 2700 years ago, people have been…

renewable energy sources have become more important these days. Few other Reasons include advantages like abundant availability in nature, eco-friendly and recyclable. Many Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydel and tidal are there. Among these renewable sources solar and wind energy are the world’s fastest growing energy resources. With No emission of pollutants, energy conversion is done through wind and PV cells. Day by day, the demand for electricity is rapidly increasing. But…

Container. The casing surrounds the upper parts to protect them from dust, moisture Solar energy…

Standalone Solar Systems - Best Source of Power Supply By monety rackson Jan 25, 2013 Despite energy being the dire need of everyone, there are some corners of the world that still lie shady because of the absence of energy. Fans, air conditioners, bulbs, one cannot think of a life without them. But these things are left meaningless in the absence of energy. Solar systems With time, solar systems have emerged as a solution to the power needs. Whether it is a place where energy does not reach…

helped the team to get a better grasp on what conditions affect solar panels and which ones are able to work best and most efficient. With the rise of popularity and technology of solar panels it’s important to understand which conditions affect the efficiency of the solar panel. The conditions tested on the solar panel were various applied resistances, power output between a flat solar panel and “fisheye” solar panel, incident light angle,and efficiency of each solar panel. The maximum power…

Photovoltaic Cells Using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as a Sustainable Alternative Energy Source As a result of all the developments made since the Industrial Revolution, humans have managed to improve the quality of life, expand human knowledge and witness a rapidly increasing population. However, along with these advancements come crucial concerns about pollution, the global climate, and energy security, all of which exacerbate each other. As the human population increases and global…

potential to turn into electricity) in 1839. In The 1880s photovoltaic (PV) cells were developed out of selenium that could convert light with one to two percent efficiency (“The efficiency of a solar is the percentage of available sunlight converted by the photovoltaic cell into electricity”) (alt) The way the energy was converted to electricity was a mystery until Albert Einstein proposed an explanation in the early 1900s, that won him a Nobel Prize and led others to a better understanding of…

• Back up is always available for any kind of circumstances. Disadvantages: • Power bill will be a big issue. • Service fee will be charged for supplying electricity. • This system cannot guarantee a constant power supply to home. • Smart meter and load sizing should be maintained. Stand-Alone Solar System Usually this kind of system is used for residential purposes. A storage system is added to the grid connected solar system by replacing the grid with battery, capacitor kind of things. In…