Proton

Prologue: The prologue chapter introduces biology and it’s meaning. It states the difference between pseudoscience and testable science. For example, evil forces do not kill the living contents in the biosphere nor do the gods help keep it alive. Instead, the biosphere is based on scientific explanations from observations, inferences, and experiments. In these experiments, there are testable hypotheses, such as whether your plant will die or why the plant grew to the top of the bottle.…

through an E1 reaction. This is the unimolecular elimination reaction in which Zaitsev’s rule applies where the most substituted alkene is formed. In a unimolecular elimination, the leaving group leaves to form a carbocation where the base removes a proton which results in an alkene The set up for the fractional distillation is slightly complicated. The round bottom flask with the cyclohexanol mixture sits inside of the depression of a heating mantle. All glass pieces clamp together with blue…

Activity 2: Chemistry In a Bag With Chemistry In a Bag, students learn the difference between a physical change and a chemical change and how changes can either be endothermic or exothermic. Set-up: Each group of four students will need 1 canister filled with calcium chloride (CaCl2), 1 canister filled with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), 1 dropper of phenol red, a set of measuring spoons, a measuring cup, a portion cup, four pairs of goggles and four sandwich bags. Make sure there are paper…

contains two powerful magnets, which represent the most critical part of the equipment. The human body is largely made of water molecules, which are comprised of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. At the center of each atom lies an even smaller particle called a proton,…

Element project (Br) Whats bromine? bromine (Br) is a deep red, noxious liquid, and a member of the halogen elements, or Group 17 group vlla of the periodic table. It has an atomic number of 35. What you will soon find out by my paper is how it's used in everyday life, how it's produced and its physical properties. Bromine was discovered in 1826 by the French chemist Antoine-Jérôme Balard in the residues from the manufacture of sea salt at Montpellier. He liberated the element by passing…

last and final isotope is Carbon-14 radioactive, known as unstable with a half life. During the first half it is blue but over time in turns into Nitrogen-14. It also is used for Carbon dating. Carbon's atomic number is six, therefore It has six protons, neutrons, and electrons, with a atomic mass of twelve. Carbon is nonmetallic and tetravalent, meaning it has four valence electrons. It is seen in many forms of allotropes like graphite, diamond, and white carbon. Graphite is one of the softest…

The Teleological Argument The existence of God can be supported by the design argument or teleological arguments that conclude: since nature looks like it was designed, then nature was or has a designer which we call God. Not only is nature designed but things humans have created are designed also. In order to have something in existence, it must have a creator which must have designed that something. A number of arguments utilize design arguments in favor of the existence of God. Like the…

Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are a complementary process reaction. Their reactions tend to be the same just in reverse. While cellular respiration starts off with glucose and oxygen and ends with carbon dioxide and water, photosynthesis begins with carbon dioxide and water and ends with oxygen and glucose. The purpose for cellular respiration is to convert the energy stored in glucose into ATP and photosynthesis to convert water and carbon into glucose. To begin with cellular…

contains chemicals that are dangerous/crucial for the survival of it’s inhabitants. For an example, there is CO2 in the air from human activity that then reacts to sea water and creates carbonic acid (H2CO3). The H2CO3 then dissociates into a hydrogen proton and a bicarbonate ion (HCO3-). When carbonate ions combine with a hydrogen ion the concentration of dissolved carbonate diminishes. The guiding question that is used for our research is What does the different concentrations of…

How do scientists know there are such things as atoms? The short answer is that they don’t. No one has ever seen an atom. However, there are many more ways to show that something could exist than to have ‘seen something’. The idea of the atom has been hypothesised since around 440BC, but the idea has only been widely accepted since the early 19 century, when the atomic theory was first proposed. Since then, our understanding of the atom has significantly developed. But why is the atom so widely…