Proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Summary Human Serum albumin (HSA) is a plasma protein in charge of the transportation of the fatty acids (Bhattacharya, Grune & Curry, 2000, p.721). HSA promotes the transportation capacity of plasma because it is currently at around 0.6Mm enabling it to carry more than six molecules of fatty acid. In addition, the HSA binds and agitates the pharmacokinetics of various drugs compounds. The HSA-fatty acid has two drug-binding sites, which are the sub-domains IIA and IIIA. The fatty acid IIIA…

INTRODUCTION In this assignment we are going to elaborate on the role of aqueous humor and vitreous humor in maintaining the pressure of the globe, the structures related to the humor, functions of the humors, origin and also pathology related to them. PHYSIOLOGY OF THE AQUEOUS HUMOR The aqueous humour is a transparent fluid similar to plasma, but containing low protein concentrations. It is secreted from the ciliary epithelium (a structure supporting the lens). It is located in the…

Observe Ligand Protein Interaction using Gel Filtration (Phenol Red Binding to Serum Albumin) Introduction: Serum albumin is often known as blood albumin, it is the most abundant plasma protein in humans and other mammals. Serum albumin is essential for maintaining the osmotic pressure that is needed for distribution of body fluids between body tissues and intravascular compartments. It is also a carrier protein by non specifically binding several biomolecules. Ligand is a molecule can bind…

metabolically highly active, and accordingly, endowed with a large number of mitochondria (**). Recent studies have claimed mitochondrial dysfunction in response to deliberate oxidative stress and in FECD (**). Although mitochondrial damage is correlated to cell death, its effects could be more subtle when the damage to the organelle is not severe. Specifically, when mitochondrial damage is not severe, the cellular functions could be impacted by ATP depletion. The latter can subvert activity of…

fact that this “limits communication between cells, a condition that probably accounts for the vastly decreased ability of prokaryotes to form multicellular organisms.” This is compared to the internal skeleton strucutre of Eukaryotes, where “it is formed by a complex of protein tubules called the cytoskeleton.” (K S Kabnick and D A Peattie, 1991.) This difference in structure gives a pliable membrane to the cell rather than a rigid cell wall. This increases mobility of many…

but almost the entire is non-polar which does not dissolves in water. It is also embedded in bilayer and serves a variety of functions in the human body which includes such as regulating membrane fluidity in animals. It also helps maintain the integrity of these membranes, and plays a role in facilitating cell signaling…

physiology of organisms and the molecular regulation of cells. The cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration is a crucial signal for a variety of neuronal processes including neurotransmitter release, control of membrane excitability, synaptic plasticity, and cognition. Ca2+ homeostasis in neurons is accurate controlled by several types of Ca2+ channels or the activity of Ca2+ transporters with either locate on the plasma membrane or inside the cell on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) / sarcoplasmic reticulum…

The role of circadian rhythms and clock genes in cutaneous wound healing Introduction The governing of rhythmic changes involved in daily behaviour and/or physiology is controlled by light/dark cycles. The field of Chronobiology encompasses biological timings (hormone secretion, blood pressure, reproductive cycles, body temperature, sleep, locomotor activity). Circadian rhythms have been discovered to play a major role in the mental, physical and behavioural changes, which follow a 24 hour…

substances across the membrane, but unlike active transport it does not use chemical energy. Instead it depends on the permeability. When using active transport molecules go from a high to a low concentration gradient. There are 3 ways for passive transport which are osmosis, diffusion, and facilitated diffusion. Osmosis is when water moves a selectivity permeable membrane. There are three types of solution of osmosis. One of them is isotonic solution where water crosses the membrane at the…

Background: The cell membrane surrounds all cells and controls what comes in and what goes out of the cell. It is selectively permeable (it permits certain things to enter and prevents other things from coming in). There is a phospholipid bilayer in which the hydrophobic tails point inward and the hydrophilic heads point outwards. Inside this plasma membrane there is usually an integral protein, cholesterols, a protein channel (for substances that can’t enter through the phospholipid bilayer), a…