Ischemia

Arterial color duplex study was performed for bilateral lower limbs which revealed mild atherosclerosis of the arteries without narrowing or blockage, no aneurysms in the popliteal arteries and confirmed the presence of a right DPA aneurysm with a small mural thrombus. Right foot toes pressure measurement showed normal readings (Fig.2). Surgical exploration was carried out under ankle block. A longitudinal skin incision was made directly over the aneurysm. Sharp dissection through fascia…

Syncope is sufficient blood flow to the brain which causes loss of consciousness which also causes fainting. It often happens in patients with hypotension which comes from the heart not pumping enough oxygen. Some of the causes of syncope is dehydration, heavy sweating, pooling of blood in the legs, exhaustion, disorder occur with exercise and with palpations or irregularities of the heart also with family history of recurrent syncope or sudden death. Risk factors are usually being…

Ischaemia is the zone surrounding the central zone of necrosis in which there is a reduction in the dermal circulation. This is a damaged but potientially viable tissue. This ischemic zone may progress to full necrosis unless the ischemia is reversed. If the ischemia is not relieved, for example when resuscitation and wound care are suboptimal, then persisting ischaemia will worsen, and the burn depth will increase. The third zone of hyperaemia is at the periphery of the burn characterised…

severe cardiac arrhythmias (irregular heartbeat or abnormal heart rhythm)." Explain the mechanism of action of the classes of antianginal drugs (i.e. how do they work?) "Angina pectoris is usually the first clinical sign of underlying myocardial ischemia, which results from an imbalance between oxygen supply and oxygen demand in the heart. The three classes of antianginal drug are organic nitrates, beta-adrenergic blockers (beta-blockers), and calcium channel blockers." 1. Organic nitrates…

distal (Pd) and proximal (Pa) pressures under conditions of maximal hyperemia, represents a reliable and reproducible tool to functionally assess the severity of coronary lesions of equivocal stenosis. Specifically, FFR has been proven to identify ischemia-inducing lesions 3–7, as well as to predict prognosis, especially when used to guide percutaneous coronary…

palate. Problems for nursing mothers with tongue tied babies This insufficient latching often causes a "chomp" which is when the mandible bites down onto the mother's nipple. This causes a lot of maternal pain. In addition, splitting of the nipples, ischemia, and greater incidence of mastitis can occur. Many nursing difficulties are correlated to a tongue tie issue. Correcting tongue tied issues on…

difficulties in holding the urine. Some types of brain lesions that can cause this type of neurogenic bladder are a brain tumor, stroke, and trauma. Spinal cord lesions can lead to overactive bladder with urge incontinence. Trauma, tumors, and ischemia are examples of conditions that can injure the spinal cord leading to neurogenic…

Crohn’s Disease Symptoms – Is There a Way to Manage Them? Crohn’s disease symptoms vary from one patient to the next. Depending on how mild or severe the condition is, the signs could be anywhere from mere nausea to bleeding. There are extraintestinal manifestations which are rarely present. The disease can also affect different parts of the body such as the skin, liver, joints and the eyes. Kids can present delays in growth development. About a third of Crohn’s patients develop the perianal…

blood flow to the myocardium caused by a blocked artery thereby reducing oxygen in the heart muscles which eventually damages it leading to limited heart function. This condition causes the myocardial tissue to become necrotic from the prolonged ischemia (Lilly 2012). 1. Risk Factors The risk factors for myocardial infarction are divided into two categories: the modifiable risk factors and the non-modifiable risk factors. Modifiable risk factors are those whose effects can be reversed by…

Additionally, executive functions are described as diminished. Although it is suggested that various factors, such as migraine, focal ischemia, venous flow abnormalities, and epileptic phenomena, are involved in the pathophysiology and differential diagnosis of TGA, the factors triggering the emergence of these lesions are still elusive. (Smith,…