Immunology

The drive home from Children’s Hospital was the worst. It was a rainy day about thirteen or fourteen years ago, my mother was sobbing talking on the phone with my father. That was the day I was diagnosed with Autoimmune hearing loss in my right ear. To this day I can still remember that drive in the rain, seeing the old cookie cutter Busch Stadium and asking my mom what was wrong in an effort not to cry. Having autoimmune hearing loss has led to me developing my work ethic, me being in constant…

A cow’s ability to avoid and fight infection largely depends on a range and strength of her defence which are collectively called immunity. Immunity includes: I. Physical barriers, such as skin, or a teat seals II. Chemical immunity, such as from antibodies and inflammatory substances III. Cells which actively seek and destroy pathogens Acquired immunity This is a delayed response second-line defence. It involves cells which either produce antibodies which neutralise the pathogen, or killer…

Infectious disease specialists claim that ticks’ spilt protein may have the ability to trigger allergic reactions in humans and other vertebrate organisms. Previously, these split proteins were able to manipulate the victim's immune cells in order for their pathogens to transmit, without showing signs of it being there. However, new research describe how this method could now have an alternative effect, leading to severe allergic reactions. The researchers believe a vaccine for tick bite…

Rhetorical Precis #1 In “5 Important Reasons to Vaccinate Your Child” (2017), the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services asserts that vaccines are “one of the best ways to protect your children” (1). The government highlights this importance by giving the pros of getting vaccines (they are safe, and keep your family and community disease free), showing specific examples (polio eradicated in the U.S.), and offering support websites for low-income families. The government gives these examples…

I think that the study of microbiology was hindered in the 18th and 19th century because not everyone knew what germs were at that time. It is hard for society to accept change and to believe in new things. Back then they didn’t have the internet or access to information to look up research to see if a new drug or vaccination was safe. Like in the video clip, Dr. Jenner’s first vaccine, some of the people weren’t willing to receive the vaccine for small pox because they were scared of it. Yes, I…

2.8.3.2. Killed vaccines The advantage of killed vaccine is more safety as a result of inactivation of live viral strains. Therefore, it can be administrated to pregnant animals. There are many disadvantages of killed BVDV vaccines, it is more expensive due to large amounts of virus are required for preparation of each dose and adjuvant should be added to the vaccine. In addition, the duration of immunity is shorter and there are requirement for injection two doses to initiate protection (Fulton…

In this paper, I wanted to review “Smallpox in Washington's Army: Strategic Implications of the Disease during the American Revolutionary War” by Ann M. Becker. Smallpox was an infection. Many people were dead if they contact with people who had smallpox. Fortunately, we had the treatment to heal the smallpox today by receiving inoculation and it was not a threat anymore. From this article, I understood that smallpox was a problem for American’s soldiers to face during the Revolutionary War. In…

ver since the invention of the first smallpox vaccine more than two centuries ago, there has been plenty of controversy over the morality, ethics, effectiveness, and safety of vaccination and immunization When it comes to immunizing their children, an increasing numbers of parents aren't just relying on their practitioners advice — they're making their decisions based on rumors and advice spread online through websites, message boards, and blogs. Dinner parties or playdate conversations can be…

In “Aluminum in Vaccines: A Neurological Gamble” by Neil Z. Miller, he discusses the chemicals in vaccines and how he believes it is dangerous. Vaccines are drugs that can contain antigens, preservatives, adjuvants, stabilizers, antibiotics, buffers, diluents, emulsifiers, and inactivating chemicals. They also contain residue from animal and human growth mediums. Today, children receive one vaccine at birth, eight vaccines at two months, eight vaccines at four months, nine vaccines at six months…

Problem: Arising as a topic of controversy in recent times is the topic of whether Americans should be mandated to receive vaccinations for illnesses. Vaccinations are, in essence, weakened strains of a disease used to effectively train one’s body to develop immunity. Some cite that there are many detrimental effects caused by the usage of vaccinations and, therefore, that people, especially children, should not be required to be put at such a risk by receiving them. Solution: The reality is,…