Fourth Crusade

violated. In other words, under the Fourth Amendment “you have the right not to have yourself, your home, and other personal possessions searched and seized without probable cause (U.S. Const. Amend. IV).” What gives the Fourth Amendment the right to “search” someone or something? For nearly two centuries, no one could clearly determine this until the 1967 case…

Following the end of slavery came the initiation of black codes. Alexander says that southern lawmakers passed such codes because they believed that African Americans were lazy. Several whites grew increasingly fearful of blacks retaliating. Their fear resulted in the birth of the mass incarceration of African Americans. Michelle Alexander states that “prisoners became younger and blacker, and the length of their sentences soared.” Slightly following the reconstruction era, the new caste…

Will Doolittle was a financial analyst at the corporate headquarters of Home Décor in Atlanta, Georgia. He was terminated for violating provision of the employee handbook. His violation included sending email to friends of a sexual nature and the use of Internet to play slot machine and other games. Doolittle believes his employer violated his right by monitoring his personal email and Internet use. Employer authority to check email and Internet use has grown in the present time. In most…

Drug courts are specialized courts, which is an alternative to criminal court, for offenders who have drug or alcohol dependency problems. When they were established in 1989, their main purpose was to help prevent overcrowding in prisons, by giving low risk drug offenders an alternative option (Fulkerson). A couple more reasons drug courts were brought into the picture were to keep court costs down and be able to provide the offenders with personalized treatment to help them overcome their drug…

a) Consent to Search In R v. Wills (1992) the court found the following criteria necessary for a valid consent search: 1. There was consent, expressed or implied; 2. The giver of the consent had the authority to give the consent; 3. The consent was voluntary (not police coerced); 4. The giver of consent was aware of the police conduct; 5. The giver of consent is aware of their right to refuse to permit the police to engage in the conduct requested and/or may pull their consent at anytime; 6. The…

lines of legal search and seizure. Many people fear officers can overstep their boundaries and think that search and seizure laws are the underlying cause of mass incarceration, which Michelle Alexander examines in her book The New Jim Crow. The fourth amendment prohibits those from being victim to unreasonable searches and seizures. What defines…

The exclusionary rule is a rule that is available to a defendant in a criminal case that is a remedy for an illegal search that violates their Fourth Amendment rights (nationalparalegal.edu.com. n.d.). Furthermore, one of the most important corollaries to the rule is the “fruit of the poisonous tree” doctrine. Unfortunately, like all rules there are some exceptions to this rule. One of the exceptions is when a police officer has an independent source of knowledge besides that of the fruit of the…

The appellant, Chester Comerford, was a licensed attorney and previous law professor who operated a website for a group whom he founded, called the guardians. The guardians questioned President Obama’s citizenship; in 2011 Comerford was convicted of aiding and abetting threats on the President, however the Supreme Court of the United States reversed his conviction the following year. After his conviction was reversed, Comerford went to a local merchant to purchase a smart-phone. Knowing that a…

Most school go as far as to going through the bookbag and the student 's pockets. But Safford Unified school took it too far when they conducted a strip search on a student that they believed might have pills on her. The strip search violated her fourth amendment rights which the safford unified school district disagrees. Safford Unified School District vs Redding was a controversial case…

officer’s leave to gather information is sharply circumscribed when he steps off [public] thoroughfares and enters the Fourth Amendment’s protected areas.” By ruling as it did, the Grice court handed down an overly-generous interpretation of a license’s scope, the implications of which are worrisome to the future of Fourth Amendment protected areas. The events in Grice transpired on Fourth Amendment protected property. In North Carolina, it is generally agreed that driveways, pathways, porches,…