European Court of Justice

discussing their relationship. Direct effect is the principle that Union law may, if appropriately framed, confer rights on individuals which the courts of member states of the European Union are bound to recognise and enforce. While the supremacy is an European Union law principle of when there is conflict between European law and domestic law of member states, European law prevails; the norms of national law have to be set aside. The supremacy of EU law arose after conflicts on national law…

sardonically calls, “one long night of savagery from which the first Europeans... delivered them” Achebe adamants, however, that Africa’s past “with all its imperfections - was not.” In his novel, Things Fall Apart, Achebe challenges history’s single story of Africa by telling the tale of Okonkwo, a strong tribesman living in the the Igbo clan of Umuofia whose complex life and culture are stereotyped and stigmatized by European…

Is there truly justice for Genocide? Throughout the course of history, many brutal atrocities have been committed, on a genocidal scale. Some of these have resulted in court cases and punishments for the perpetrators, though many have not. Reparations, even enormous ones, do not repay the families of the murdered. This can be exemplified with the genocide of the Poles in the Katyn Woods, and the Armenian Genocide. One happened in the midst of World War II, and has been largely ignored by the…

Effects of imperialism In the late 1800s, European nations began expanding into, to quote, “lesser nations” under the pretense of leading them to civilization. In reality, they were pursuing wealth in a policy now known as imperialism. European Imperialism has a lot of causes and contributing factors, but arguably the most prominent is the Industrial Revolution. Industrialization was a great source of pride for Europeans as it brought new and innovative technological advancements. However, this…

traditional method which the United Kingdom embraced was the common law method. However, parliament passed legislation in form of the Human Rights Act 1998 which protects human rights. The Human Rights Act 1998 gives effect to the European Convention on Human Rights and all courts in the UK must interpret and give effect to the law in a manner which is as close to the Human Rights Act as possible; in cases involving both public authorities and individuals. Internationally, human rights are…

1990s was the period when the current system was established. It was also a period when Chinese people had their legal education levels highly increased, which meant several times more cases in the courts. In order to make sure everybody could find justice mediation and arbitration commissions to courts have been created. Furthermore, there are local mediation committees that solve hundreds of thousands of problems each…

started enforcement proceeding in front of local court to reclaim the total loan. Ms Jones objected…

kingdoms were advanced civilizations before the arrival of Europeans. An advanced civilization is defined in Document 2 as having “wealth based on trade … income derived from taxes, social organization that ensured justice and efficient political control … and a foreign policy that led to the peace and cooperation with other people.” African civilizations had these qualities which allowed them to maintain powerful kingdoms before Europeans arrived in their countries. Many African kingdoms were…

INTRODUCTION Lord Cornwallis became the governor general of Indiafrom 1786 – 1793.Lord Corwallis In Indiawas a pioneer of british rule of law . He considered the europeans superior and therefore created a europeanised framework under Indian Traditions . He contrinuted greatly to Administrateive and Judicial Reforms India. During his Term He introduced Reforms thrice in 1787,1790 and 1793. CORNWALLIS REFORMS OF 1787 The 1787 reforms of Cornwallis focused more on The administrative reforms. In…

Finally, I will outline the principles & procedures of human rights law and argue that though Parliament has intended well with the incorporation of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) into domestic law , there are sizeable gaps that are yet to be determined and, as such, noticeable failings with regards to the accessibility of justice. Judicial review is a procedure by which an individual or interest group challenges the legality of a decision made by a public body. In other words,…