Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

In 1895, x-rays were discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen. He was a Professor at Wuerzburg University which was in Germany. He worked with a cathode-ray tube in which he observed a fluorescent glow of crystals on a table near the tube. The tube that Roentgen was working with at the time was made of a glass envelope with positive and negative electrodes filled in it. The air that was in the tube was let out. When a high voltage was applied, the tube produced a glow that was fluorescent. He then…

of producing x-ray pictures, also known as RADIOGRAPHS. X-rays were discovered on November 8, 1895 by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in Germany at the University of Wurzburg. Radiographs are produced through the use of radiation. There are three different types of radiation. These include PRIMARY RADIATION, REMNANT RADIATION, and SCATTER RADIATION. Primary is the radiation that leaves the tube, remnant is the “exit radiation” that passes through the image receptor, and scatter has less energy as…

exposed to the magnetic field of the MRI, the hydrogen atoms realign. Essentially, the protons in the nucleus are stimulated and they spin out of equilibrium. This causes them to strain against the pull of the magnetic field. Also, the content of energy of the nuclei changes when they are presented to pulses of radio waves. After all of this, a resonance wave is ejected when the nuclei return to their original condition. Then, small differences in the oscillations of the nuclei are recognized.…

The history of dental radiography began on November 8, 1895 with the discovery of the x-ray by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen. This tremendous discovery changed the future of medical and dental professions, creating a new era for advances and improvements in the medical and dental field. Many other discoveries followed this monumental innovation, and in the late 1940 (s) MRI were discovered. The founding father of MRI is Raymond Damadian, who received a Nobel Prize in 1952. (Reference #1) During its…

Advancement in Radiation Protection: Non-Lead Apron People are exposed to radiation every day just by being alive on this earth. One receives approximately 3,000 µSv of ubiquitous background radiation a year, which means approximately 8.2 µSv per day (Howerton, Iannucci, 2012). This is known as background radiation and is caused by terrestrial, cosmic, and naturally occurring radon. On the other hand, during radiographic examination some degree of biological damage does occur during exposure,…

MRI is a unique medical practice among other imaging methods because, unlike radiographs for example x-rays and ct scans and even radioisotope studies it does not use ionising radiation to create an image of the body this is good because if it does not use ionising radiation it will not have the effects that the radiation causes to the human body. But instead of using other means such as ultrasound to create an image it uses strong magnets and radio waves to create detailed digital images of the…

CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Ultrasonography is an excellent modality for examining abdominal structures including the location and dimensions of canine kidneys (Remichi et al., 2014). It involves a non-invasive procedure for examination of kidney diseases (Sampaio and Araujo, 2002) and offers advantages over radiography as there are no side effects of radiation and contrast agents (Nyland et al., 1995). Canine kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal region of the…

Elastography is a medical imaging modality that maps the elastic properties of soft tissue. The focus is whether the tissue is hard or soft and will give diagnostic information about the presence or status of a disease. It is concerned with providing images that are related to the stiffness of the tissue. This paper will discuss about elastography and the different types as well as, the principles and components involved with elastography. Peter R. Hoskins a Caucasian, male from United Kingdom…

class, I had never experienced getting an x-ray or any other type of radiation modality growing up. I became interested in the science and anatomy aspect of radiation sciences and also was amazed at how a machine could produce images of bones, babies in the womb, arteries, etc. I traveled to Mercy Hospital in Iowa City for my first job shadowing experience where I observed several barium studies of the upper gastrointestinal tract. I also observed x-ray, CT, and MRI. Afterwards…

and molecular-genetic methods of studying the structure and in vitro brain functions (in certain nerve cells in the brain tissue culture), with the introduction of non-invasive neuroimaging techniques (X-ray computed tomography - CT, magnetic resonance imaging - MRI, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and functional MRI - fMRI, SPECT - OFET or the SPECT, positron emission tomography - PET) in order to clearly see and quantify many parameters lifetime structure, local blood flow and brain…