Dopamine

There are two types of categories that divide antipsychotic medications. The first generation is typical, that blocks dopamine from having contact with the brain. The second generation is atypical, that also blocks dopamine from the brain while affecting serotonin levels. Blocked dopamine helps with psychosis that reduces delusions or voices being heard. Antipsychotics treats patients that suffer from paranoia, dissociation, and agitation. In 2003, a…

stack results are explained. The most common effects are depression and irritability. These effects are result of mood neurotransmitter and off balance in the brain. If the cholinergic activity will raise then mood neurotransmitter such as serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine will lowered that result in case of adverse…

effective in psychoses, such as schizophrenia, and other psychiatric illnesses in adults and children, including pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), autism, and attention-deficit disorder (ADD) [1–3]. It acts primarily by selective antagonism of dopamine Type 2 (D2) and serotonin Type 2 (5HT2) receptors in the brain [4–6]. Apart from minor N-dealkylation, the major pathway of biotransformation of RIS is hydroxylation at the 9_ position on the pyrido-pyrimidone ring to 9-hyroxyrisperidone…

with tremors. It can also affect the voice and the eyesight. The self care way to help with this disease is to exercise and loosen up the body. Some medications include anti-tremor and a dopamine promoter. The anti-tremor works to stop and prevent tremors. Dopamine promoter is a medication which increases the dopamine sent to the body, which helps the nerves with our senses. ALS: This disease weakens muscles and can impact our functions. The main symptom is muscles weakness and spasms. People…

Professionals face a number of challenges when diagnosing ADHD, a neurodevelopmental disorder, especially when it comes to diagnosis and treatment in very young children. Currently, many believe that it is not possible to diagnose children under 5 years old with ADHD, as part of the diagnostic criteria includes “age inappropriate inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity” (Dias, 1999, p. 40). However, the question for children under 5 years old is, can inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and…

The dopamine active transporter is a 12 integral membrane-spanning protein that moves the neurotransmitter dopamine out of the synapse back into cytosol terminating therefore the signal of the neurotransmitter. The dopamine reuptake via DAT is the primary mechanism from which dopamine is cleared from synapses. Its function requires the binding and cotransport of two Na+ ions and one Cl− ion with the dopamine substrate. The driving force for DAT-mediated dopamine reuptake is the ion concentration…

These stimulate the brain in a way that triggers the release of “dopamine—the reward neurotransmitter, also triggered by addictive drugs” (Doidge 309) A study conducted by a team at Hammersmith Hospital found that people who are addicted to video games show remarkable parallels to all other addictions including: craving…

for funding. So, what is Parkinson’s disease? Well Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability due to a deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Every single one of these characteristics affects individuals with PD in many ways, these symptoms vary from one person to another, some people may experience it differently. However, these symptoms are only one aspect of this multifaceted…

Parkinson’s Disease is a progressive disease of the nervous system affecting movement. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter concentrated in the substania nigra, part of the basal ganglia, and is important in controlling smooth, coordinated movement. When dopamine-producing cells die or fail to produce enough dopamine neurodegeneration occurs and Parkinson’s symptoms begin to appear. When the brain loses dopamine cells, dopamine and acetylcholine are put out of balance and cholinergic receptors…

the alterations in the reward system of the brain when drugs are consumed repeatedly. Our reward system is supposed to give us the sense of satisfaction related to an action when we do it, basically by releasing dopamine, the thing with drugs is that they release such higher levels of dopamine that in invites your body to do it over and over again, without even thinking about the awful consequences, and from there it only gets worse.…