Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Using the results from the sucrose test, Corynebacterium bovis could be eliminated because it’s test for sucrose was negative and unknown microbe #7 was positive for sucrose. Lastly, using the results from the glucose test as well as the methyl-red test, which helped identify which fermentation pathway was being used: the acid fermentation pathway or butanediol pathway, unknown microbe #7 was finally identified. After testing for methyl-red, it was concluded that unknown microbe #7 was Corynebacterium xerosis because the glucose test for Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum was negative, meaning the microbe didn’t ferment glucose, and unknown microbe #7 did ferment…

antibiotic. The numbers on the table in the Microbiology Lab Manual represented whether the microbe was resistant, shown in the light blue color on the graph, intermediate, shown in purple, or sensitive to the antibiotic, shown in the periwinkle color. As shown in figure 1 above, indicated with a yellow line, each antibiotic tested on unknown microbe #7 turned out to be sensitive. The diameters of the cleared out areas were vancomycin: 21mm, erythromycin: 27mm and ciproflaxin 27mm. This…

Starting in 1990, Diphtheria outbreak had spread to all of the Newly Independent States (NIS) of the former Soviet Union by the end of 1994. There were over 150,000 cases resulting in 5,000 deaths from 1990 to 1998. Diphtheria is caused by a pathogenic bacterium called Corynebacterium diphtheriae. During the period when NIS gained their independence, the health care system in the former Soviet Union was so bad that Russian president, Vladimir Putin, had to call a national emergency when the…

Diphtheria is a serious infectious disease, which is tackle successfully in the developed world through vaccinations. Caused by the bacteria – Corynebacterium Diphtheriae, the disease continues to be a major risk in areas not covered well by immunization programs. India for instance reported 4071 cases in 2014, with 104 deaths. Altogether 7321 cases of Diphtheria were reported to the WHO in 2014. Diphtheria usually affects the mucous membrane of the nose and throat, leading to sore throat,…

It consists of a combination of two antibacterial agents, bacitracin (C66H101N17O16SZn) and neomycin (C23H46N6O13). Bacitracin is mainly active against gram-positive organisms, such as Clostridia, Corynebacterium Diphtheriae, Hemolytic streptococci, Staphylococci, Treponema. Bacitracin is also active on some gram-negative pathogens such as Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria, in addition to Actinomycetes and Fusobacteria. Resistance to bacitracin is extremely uncommon. Meanwhile, neomycin acts on…

associated with ‘whooping cough’. This toxin disables the cAMP Gi subunit, over activating adenylate cyclase resulting in misregulation of biological signaling. It remains unclear if the pertussis toxin is the direct cause of ‘whooping cough’, however, it is not associated with the peripheral eschar swelling of cutaneous anthrax. Answer C: Cholera toxin, associated with Vibrio Cholera, is an ADP ribosylating A-B toxin associated with ‘rice-water’ diarrhea. This toxin permanently activates the…

of the throat known as the pharynx with a sterile swab Swab one third of thesector on the plate. Thrown the tongue compressor and the swad in the biowaste container because it contain bodily fliud. Streak over the swabbed portion with a sterile inoculating loop. Continue until the rest of the surface is cover. Repeat the same process for your partner 7. Place a bacitracin disc in the center of the streaked portion. 8. Invert plate and Incubate at 37 C for 24 hours. Record results after 24 hours…