Collagen

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative condition of articular cartilage in joints commonly affecting the knees (Sinusas 2012) and slowly develops over many years resulting from mechanical stress (Kisner and Colby 2003). Unfortunately, the risk of developing OA increases with several factors including genetics, increasing age, obesity and female gender (Sinusas 2012). OA causes pain and stiffness in the joints however it is an incurable disease and therefore physiotherapy treatment should focus on…

Introduction The liver is the second largest organ in the human body after skin considered as the largest gland in the body as it is about 2 percent of the whole body Weight in the adult around 3 pound in weight. The normal color of the liver is reddish brown it is located behind the ribcage on the upper right side Of the abdomen protected by rib cage. The live has a main function the filtration od the blood as it considered the liver is the most important Organ in human body as it has more…

Coronary artery disease is a potentially fatal and serious disease that affects the lives of many people all over the world. This disease is the most common form of cardiovascular disease in the United States. There is a serious financial impact on the population due to the prevalence and the severity of the disease. While there is no current cure to the disease, it is preventable. There currently are ways to treat coronary artery disease through lifestyle changes, pharmacotherapy, and surgery…

There are three main phases to the body’s response to injury. These are inflammation, maturation and the proliferation. The first response is inflammation. This is basically pain and inflammatory of the affected area. This stage can last between 3 and 5 days. The second phase is proliferation. This phase lasts two to five weeks and it is where the body begins to repair the affected area. The final stage is maturation. This stage can last from 3 weeks up to 2 years depending on the severity of…

It is made up of two layers; an outer layer known as epidermis and layer below called dermis. The epidermis is considered as more protective layer as it’s thicker, whilst dermis contains collagen and fibre, also upholding a network of blood vessels, hair roots, glands and extensions of the inner nervous system. In addition, on the outer layer there’s an outermost covering named stratum corneum. This layer is made of large plates of protein…

Osteomyelitis is an infection and inflammation of the bone and bone marrow. It can involve any bone of the human body and can occur through a variety of mechanisms. According to Eid and Berbari (2012) “Osteomyelitis can be acute or chronic and may result from hematogenous seeding of the bone, extension of the infection from adjacent soft tissue, or direct inoculation of the bone through skin and soft tissue defects following trauma or surgery” (p. 51), such as joint replacement or internal…

more fruits, such as watermelon or berries since they seem to contain large quantities of vitamin c per serving. It is crucial that I attempt to increase my intake of this vitamin because it is an essential nutrient that my body requires to form collagen, blood vessels and cartilage. Additionally, it is also necessary for healing wounds and maintaining teeth and bone health. 3. Vitamin A: This vitamin is important to an individuals’ diet since it plays an important role in bone growth,…

Frozen shoulder is a clinical syndrome of pain and severely decreased joint motion caused by thick-ening and contraction of the joint capsule. The peak incidence is between middle aged people. In Ayurved, the symptoms, etiopathogenesis resembles with Avabahuka. It is a disease characterized by morbid vata dosha localizing around the shoulder joint and thereby causing loss or dryness of shleshaka kapha as well as constricts the siras at this site leads to loss of movements of the arm. Ayurvedic…

Review Questions Write one-paragraph responses to 4 of the following 6 questions below. Each paragraph should be 5 to 10 sentences (or about 70 – 150 words), and written in your own words. Session 1: Cell Pathology 3. Cell injury can be reversible or irreversible, and hypoxia is a major cause. Explain how hypoxia causes reversible cell injury (in particular hydropic change), which can then lead to cell death. Lets compare a living cell to a water balloon. When we fill the balloon up…

Muscular injuries are one of the leading injuries faced by amateur and elite athletes today (Dadebo, White, & George, 2004; Mayo, Seijas, & Alvarez, 2014; Woods, Bishop, & Jones, 2007). Before athletes even step on to the field, the court, the stage, or in front of the crowd, they have already been in the game mind set for the last hour going through their pregame routine. Pregame routines vary greatly, but almost all contain some combination of sport appropriate warm-ups and stretches. Warming…