Osteoporosis Introduction The typical human body is composed of 206 bones, 126 of them being part of the appendicular skeleton and 80 of them part of the axial skeleton. Bone is living growing tissue that is made of collagen (NIH, 2015). Collagen is a protein that helps bones provide calcium, which makes them stronger and hardens the body’s framework (NIH, 2015). The human body requires bone tissue to function properly; it supports softer tissue, protects the body (especially the internal…
our bones become stronger which will then increase their mineral stores. The stress of exercise on the bones will play a vital role to also increase muscle strength. As long term exercise continues there are greater quantities of calcium and collagen. Collagen is the main protein of connective tissue. Osteoporosis is a disease characterised by losing bone mass and structure. That makes bones weak and increases the risk of fractures. But long term exercise reduces the change of this. Particular…
There are a variety of different factors promoting or inhibiting post-operative wound healing. Rund et al (1) covers many factors linked to wound healing such as smoking, oxygen availability, nutrition, hyperglycemia, alcohol intake, and patient adherence. First of all, smoking exerts a pervert effect on peripheral vasculature. For instance, a single cigarette causes a decrease in O2 because of ligation of carbon monoxide (CO) to hemoglobin and nicotine has an added effect of peripheral…
I. INTRODUCTION: Clopidogrel is one of the major drugs used in the treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome. Along with Aspirin it is the standard of care in Percutaneous Coronary Interventions with stenting, when a long term dual antiplatelet treatment is needed. However the response to clopidogrel shows wide inter-individual variations. Various studies have shown that the polymorphisms in the genes responsible for Clopidogrel absorption and metabolism are a major factor for these variations.…
like a honeycomb. When osteoporosis occurs, the holes and spaces in the honeycomb are much larger than in healthy bone. Osteoporotic bones have lost density or mass and contain an abnormal amount of osteoclast. Normal bone is composed of protein, collagen, and calcium, all of which give bone its strength. Bones that are affected by osteoporosis can break (fracture) with a relatively minor injury that normally would not cause a bone to fracture. The fracture can be either in the form of cracking…
About the size of a large fist, heart is made up of cardiac muscle, myocardium, with skeletal muscle-like striations. It has two upper atria & two lower ventricles separated vertically by septum, and four main valves with which the blood makes its directional flow into and out of the heart. Deoxygentated blood with which the blood flows into and out of the organ. Deoxygenated blood enters through the venae cava fills the right atrium (RA) and right ventricle (RV) through the tricuspid valve.…
Ehlers- Danlos Syndrome (EDS) is a rare connective tissue disorder. There are six different types of EDS, all with varying degrees of signs and symptoms. The key signs that patients with EDS display are overly hypermobile joints, skin elasticity, and abnormal vasculature, which is seen in some types of the condition. The life of a patient with EDS can be very frustrating because many doctors and physical therapists do not have a good knowledge base to help treat and control the condition. Pain…
rates of metabolic reactions with the presence of enzymes, movement of materials in cells or body with hemoglobin, they are also structural proteins like keratin, helps blood clotting with fibrin, and make up bones, skin, tendons, ligaments with collagen. In contrast, fats and carbohydrates, which are chiefly composed of carbon and hydrogen, all proteins consists of nitrogen. Without protein in a diet plan, the body will scavenge protein from muscles to make DNA and protein for more vital organs…
procedures to improve wrinkles, scars and uneven pigmentation on the skin surface. Lasers work to remove the outer layer of skin that covers and thick layers of dead skin. After that, the laser light is caused by the restructuring of the dermal collagen layer or deeper skin. The overall effect is to tighten the skin, smoothing fine wrinkles and other skin…
In today’s society, an increase in futuristic surgical innovations and popularized social standards has positively correlated with the rise of cosmetic procedures. In my perspective, patients should have the freedom to receive these surgeries. However, these elective surgical practices aren’t always essential and can oftentimes become detrimental to our health due to malpractice. For example, rhinoplasty involves the reconstruction of nasal proportions so it can harmonize with facial structures.…