Bangladesh Liberation War

On January 1, 1994 the Zapatista uprising took place in Chiapas, Mexico. The Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN) had been organizing long before 1994, but the New Year’s Day uprising is very significant to their beginnings as it propelled them onto a national and international spotlight. Rooted in their cause was anti-neoliberalism as it related to the indigenous struggle. The date of the revolution was not random, but chosen because it was the day that the North American Free Trade…

The organizational structure of a terrorist group determines its strengths and weaknesses and there are two categories of organization; hierarchical and networked. Groups associated with a political activity require a more hierarchical structure in order to coordinate terrorist violence with political action. Terrorist groups using the networked structure, are organized in cells so that the loss of a cell would not compromise the identity, location or actions of other cells or the organization.…

close connection to their homeland (Jaffna) through deterritorialized localism made possible by space-time compression. Two avenues Tamil in Norway maintain this “deterritorialized localism” by are, through association with the revolutionary Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) and by the traditional institution of arranged marriage…

divide between those of the same country. It caused the “...Upstairs-Downstairs, Linga-Singha wars.” (Munaweera 36) and it caused the “...two heads of state to engage in battle.” (Munaweera 37). The Tamil were tired of the Sinhalese thinking that they were better and the Sinhalese were upset because the Tamils were trying to take control of so the called, Sinhala territory, so, due to this, a war was sparked. A war in which violence was justifiable, as long as it was for a cause that could be…

filmmakers themselves talk about their own experiences in Nicaragua and the lasting impact it has had on their work. Most importantly, however, the documentary seeks to understand the forces that bound the Latin American people together during a time of war and pronounced division. The film opens with a series of reflections from Argentineans on Nicaragua and the Revolution. One woman recalls that, “For us, (revolution) was a dream. For Nicaragua, it was a reality.” During the 1970s, as the…

In Nicaragua, the Somoza family had begun a dictatorship, since 1936, that was disliked by most of the population and only supported by the small percent of the elite (Klerlein). There was so much support from the upper class, which was made up of one percent of the population, for the Somoza rule because the dictatorship tended to favor them and discarded the lower classes. Many of the lower class were made up of farmers who had little to no education and the Somoza regime wanted to keep it…

“He had a way of touching your elbow or shoulder, upping his chin with a slight jerk and crowding into his eye such a warmth of blessing… he made you feel you’d contributed a boon to the whole human race” (“Douglas MacArthur” 1). MacArthur came from a background of a strict military upbringing. His father and grandfather were both generals and being raised on a military base MacArthur was destined to be a part of the United States military. His life was shaped and structured, but he had a…

Animal testing has dated back to ancient Greek writing in 500 BC. Aristotle believed that animals lacked intelligence, and so the notions of justice and injustice did not apply to them. Animals were not seen to have a life or soul, and could be used in any way. Between 130 and 200 AD, Roman physician and philosopher Galen engaged in the public dissection of animals, which was a popular form of entertainment at the time (Background). Through some of this testing and experimentation, discoveries…

intellectuals all over Bangladesh. The accused have superior power, a position and a real influence on Al-Badr is a proper indication of support that has had a causal relationship with members of Al-Badr and its subordinates who have effective control over them. Therefore, it is not possible to alleviate responsibility for the alleged crimes committed by members of Al-Badr Bahini with whom he had de-facto superior-subordinate relationship. It is clear that during the war of liberation, the…

countries, Pakistan and India, had started maintaining their diplomatic relation from Nehru Liaquat times. Simla Agreement was the eighth step between India and Pakistan towards this aim. It was signed, to normalize the situation and to settle the pre war issue of 1971, between Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and Indira Ghandi. It distinguish from all peace agreements as it laid emphasized on bilateral talks and denied intervention of any third party. It somewhat questioned the diplomatic skill of Prime…