Amyloid

I. Question: Do polyphenols prevent dementia? II. Introduction: As the elderly population continues to grow, dementia is becoming more prevalent around the world today.1-3 According to Alzheimer’s Disease International, the number of dementia cases is expected to increase from 47 million in 2015 to 135 million by 2050.1 Currently, there is no cure or effective therapies available for dementia. However, vast scientific literature provides significant evidence that addressing modifiable risk…

Introduction Brain imaging techniques have been a prominent resource in developing research associated with several cognitive disorders including: Alzheimer’s disease, concussions, MCI, etc. Researchers have been developing novel approaches to help develop solutions and/or gain better insight for what disease, injuries, and impairment have on the brain. One of the more recent techniques that has been developed is fMRI. One of the cognitive issues it can look at is mild cognitive impairment,…

Departments of Neurology, Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center & †Family Medicine at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA have a couple different treatments being tested to see if they have any effect on AD: The main mechanistic theory of AD is the amyloid hypothesis, according to which an imbalance in the production or clearance of the Aβ peptide results in accumulation of Aβ and initiation of a cascade of events leading to neurodegeneration and dementia77. This hypothesis has undergone an…

Alzheimer’s Disease is a mental deterioration that usually affects the elderly but the signs and symptoms can come up in middle age. It can cause dementia and can hinder the person’s abilities of performing normal daily tasks of driving, self-care, and basic day to day duties. Many do not think that Alzheimer’s will affect them but the statistics are high. Alzheimer’s does not only effect the individual it has impacts on the family members and society. With research we take a deeper look on how…

Dementia is characterised by a cluster of symptoms and signs manifested by difficulties in memory and will be outlined as a clinical syndrome disturbances in language and different psychological feature functions, such as behavioural changes in impairment in daily living duties (Qiu et al. 2009). Alzheimer’s disease (AD), was founded by a German medical specialist DR. Alois Alzheimer in 1906, DR. Alzheimer observed Physiological changes in brain tissue of a female who recently passed away with…

PARKINSON’S DISEASE PD is irreversible, progressive disease, described by James Prkinson’s in 1817 in “An essay on the Shaking Palsy”. The incidence of PD increases with age, more than 2.6% population of age 85-90 are affected, some rare cases individuals with age group 60 above are affected approximately 0.6% (54). Majority are idiopathic. Signs include difficulty in movement, tremor, rigidity. Pathologically, PD affects a part of substantia nigra. Patients those who are suffering from PD are…

early-onset familial Alzheimer disease (FAD), is linked to three gene defects: amyloid precursor protein (APP) on chromosome 21, presenilin 1 (PSEN1) on chromosomes 14, and presenilin 2 (PSEN2) on chromosome 1 (McCance & Heuther, 2014). Mutations in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 lead to FAD by increasing the rate that the brain produces a peptide called beta amyloid (Kumar, Abbas, & Aster, 2013). The overproduction of beta amyloid leads to: neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuronal and…

There is much controversy that has arisen concerning the topic of causative factors associated with Alzheimer’s disease; however, according to the Mayo Clinic in their article “Alzheimer’s Disease” (2015), “scientists believe that for most people, Alzheimer's disease results from a combination of genetic, lifestyle and environmental factors that affect the brain over time.” Even though there are many controversial opinions about causative agents, one common factor that is present in many…

brain remains damaged and becomes dysfunctional. One way to distinguish between a diseased brain and a normal brain is by the size of it. If it is shrunken, it indicates that the person has Alzheimer’s. Within the brain, there are amyloid plaques seen everywhere. The amyloid plaque becomes embedded in the cell membrane. Once those plaques are on there, the plaque gets attached to the brain and is hard for it to be reversed; however this process can be slowed down. In a normal non-diseased…

Alzheimer’s is a neurodegenerative disease that causes a steady decline of cognitive ability, behavioural and physical capabilities, which can be linked to characteristic pathophysiological changes in the brain. An epidemiological study have found that Alzheimer’s disease is the prominent cause of all dementia cases, accounting for more than 50% or all reported cases of dementia (Dong et al, 2012). The originating cause of this dreadful disease has been determined to be due to not just one…