Amyloid

PET(Positron Emission Tomography) brain scan reveals amyloid plaques in the brain of tested patients. Others that have been made are Flutemetamol F18 (approved in 2013) which binds and reveals the amyloid plaque. Florbetaben F18 (approved in 2014), also attaches and reveals to amyloid plaques in the brain while during a PET scan. The problem with this is that not all people with amyloid plaques experience any symptoms of Alzheimer's so amyloid plaques cannot be used to diagnose a patient . But…

One of the causes of Alzheimer’s is the accumulation of amyloid protein plaque in the brain. The plaques interfere with the connections between our neurons, which are needed to spread messages throughout our body. In healthy brains, amyloid proteins are degraded by a secretase enzyme, keeping the brain plaque-free. However, due to old age, family history, and environmental factors, this secretase…

Few decades ago, developments in health care have given to individuals to be more healthy and living longer. As a result, the number of people with non communicable diseases such as dementia is reduced. Despite dementia principally influence older people; it is not usual part of ageing. Dementia is a syndrome caused by a numerous of brain illnesses leading to loss memory, abnormal behavior, disability and cause extreme effect in individuals’ lives. Alzheimer disease (AD) is the major form of…

Journal Article Citation: Andersen, F., Viitanen, M., Halvorsen, DS., Straume, B., & Engstad, TA. (2011). Co-Morbidity and Drug Treatment in Alzheimer’s disease. U.S National Library of Medicine, 11(58), n.p. doi: 10.1186/1471-2318-11-58 Type of study (i.e. prospective cohort): This is a cross-sectional study on co-morbidity and drug treatment of Alzheimer’s disease in northern Norway. Sample/population: The sample included people who had and did not have Alzheimer’s disease. There were 187…

Although there are several hypotheses that attempt to explain AD etiology [], the amyloid hypothesis prevails. However, criticism of the amyloid hypothesis has been increasing in recent years []. In particular, the amyloid model does not include early vascular dysfunction of AD, despite the body of evidence supporting its contribution []. The topic of the AD pathogenesis is probably one of the most active…

destruction that occurs in AD takes place in parts of the brain that are vital for memory, such as the cortex. In addition, AD is characterized by additional changes in the brain. These include the formation of tangles and plaques composed of Tau and Beta-amyloid protein, respectively. By the time symptoms occur for AD, these physiological changes have started to occur in…

whether the SOD1 mutant could cause amyloid fibrils, under normal physiological conditions. You may be wondering what this has to do with fALS, well quite basically amyloid fibrils are extremely strong, highly ordered and destructive fibrils that accumulate in tissues and assist in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease. The focus of the research was to mainly understand the structural basis for the formation of amyloid fibrils from the SOD1…

questions, such as if the patient experiences as tremors and/or any sleep issues. Further testing that could be completed would be would be blood tests to view if the patient has beta-amyloids in their blood using a PET scan with tracers to identify the presence or absence of beta-amyloids. If the patient lacks beta-amyloids, the chances of having Alzheimer’s decrease greatly. Another test which could be performed would be memory tests to test recent memory which is one of the initial signs of…

memory loss due to substantially less synapses and neurons (AA 2016b, Brightfocus Foundation 2016). Neurofibrillary tangles consisting of twisted tau proteins inhibit the brain from receiving nutrients via the microtubule and plaque made of beta-amyloid bundled together blocks communication between neurons (AA 2016b). Individuals who are over 65 years old or have health concerns related the circulatory system have an accelerated deterioration rate (AS 2016). In the early stages of AD, there…

The amyloid hypothesis which describes AD pathology involves overproduction of amyloid precursor protein (APP), resulting in increased amyloid beta (Aβ) protein and damage to the blood brain barrier (9). This causes amyloid plaque formation, consequently resulting in cell death due to inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis and neuronal cell receptor overactivation…