Amino acid

interaction plays an important role in functioning of body’s significant mechanism such as replication, transcription, translation, signal transduction, cell cycle, etc. Thus, proteins clusters together in a network map linking together various amino acids by peptide bond forming a three-dimensional structure. The entire map showing events of protein interactions that can occur in a living organism is called the interactome…

Creatine was discovered in 1832 by Michel Chevreul. It is formed from the amino acids arginine, glycine, and methionine. Athletes take creatine supplements to improve strength and power. Athletes normally purchase creatine in powder, capsule, and liquid forms. The average adult gets 1 to 2 grams of creatine from his or her normal diet; for athletic performance, people may start with 10 to 30 grams of creatine a day and follow by a maintenance dose of 2 to 5 grams of creatine a day. (David…

Introduction Nucleotide is a building block for deoxyribose nucleic acids which is called DNA that has four base units,adenin(A) ,thymine(T) ,guanine(G), cytosine(C). The nucleotides can bond with their base pairs(A=T,G=C) to form a linear strand that is supported by sugar-phosphate backbone. In the linear strand, some of three base sequence is a codon and each codon is related to an amino acid. These codons come together in a linear sequence and create a gene. Gene can be called as cipher that…

Particularly, several studies were initiated to unravel the structural basis for the observed allosteric, substrate-dependent stimulation of SIRT1 activity by the stilbenoid RES. In this regard, a crystal structure of SIRT1 in complex with RES and a 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC)-containing peptide provided valuable structural insights into the regulation of SIRT1 activity by RES (34). In the proposed model, each SIRT1 can bind to three RES molecules (Figure 5A). Two of these RES molecules make…

High protein intake is necessary for any wound healing. It is used for cell multiplication, collagen and connective tissue formation, and it increases enzyme activity. All essential amino acids are needed for protein synthesis. The AHRQ recommends 1.25-1.5 grams per kilogram depending on the stage of pressure ulcer. All aspects of wound healing are delayed under conditions of protein deficiency, so we really need to estimate protein requirements…

Chitin is a linear polysaccharide, with β-(1-4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Found in the exoskeletons of crustaceans (crab, shrimp, lobster, insects) & molluscs, as well as the cell walls of algae and fungi, chitin is the second-most naturally abundant polysaccharide after cellulose [1, 2]. Chitin occurs naturally in the polymorphic forms: α, β and γ. The α-polymorphic form of chitin is the most abundant in nature, present in the strong exoskeleton of crustaceans [6]. α-Chitin forms tightly…

fish. The protein provided by the fish is among the easiest protein to digest. Expert also agree that, even in small quantities, fish can have a significant positive impact in improving the quality of dietary protein by complementing the essential amino acids that are often present in low quantities in vegetable-based diets. Thus, this shows that it is important to consume fish in our daily life. But in today modern world, there are two types of fish, which are wild-caught…

Background and Education Plans The end, or reason, for my life is something that had intrigued me early in life. As a child, I began to consider the origins of my name and learned that “Alexis” was derived from the ancient Greek word Alexos – which means, “to defend.” Through personal experiences and contemplation, I have made it my firm conviction that the end, or purpose, of my life is to defend and be of service to the people. My career objectives include completing my Bachelor’s degree…

The carbodimide chemistry reaction involves first the activation of the carboxyl group using 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide EDC and then a covalent reaction between free amino group and activated carboxyl group in PEG-EGFR and PF0-HNC respectively [42]. In brief, 10 mg of Methoxy-PEG-COOH and 5 times molar excess of the EDC was dissolved in 5 ml 0.1 M MES buffer (pH 4 ~ 5) under continuous stirring for 2 hours. The unreacted…

Creatine is one of the most beneficial substance that aid and help athletes improve performance. Creatine was first discovered back in 1832 when researcher Michel Eugene Chevreul “isolated it from the basified water-extract of skeletal muscle. He later named the crystallized precipitate after the Greek word for meat, κρέας (kreas)” (Creatine wikipedia). Even though creatine was discovered back then, it was dropped and then picked back up in 1912, when Otto Folin and Willy Glover Denis from…