Adrenergic receptor

The patient (pt) in room 584 is an 84-year-old Caucasian woman who was transferred to Lynchburg General hospital on December 12, 2016 from Stonewall hospital in Lexington in order to receive pulmonary care. Though she was admitted for unspecified dementia without behavioral disturbances, she was originally hospitalized at Stonewall since September 21, 2016 for atrial fibrillation with a low ventricular response rate, and dyspnea. She has co-morbidities of Parkinson’s disease and Lewy body…

emptying in healthy subjects as assessed by acetaminophen testing. 3.6 MECHANISM OF ACTION Nateglinide drug is fixing on specific receptors and acts through the potassium channel from the pancreatic and the extra-pancreatic level. At pancreatic level, increase insulin secretion and at the level of pancreatic beta cells, they increase the number of insulin receptors. At extra-pancreatic s nateglinide decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis (glucose synthesis from non-carbohydrate sources), increased…

The heart contains many adrenergic receptors which are responsive to epinephrine, especially near the SA node, which initiates the contractions of the heart. Epinephrine acts to increase the release time of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum via a cascade of reactions. The fact…

might have been prompted to respond immediately by fright mechanism to avoid another attack. The Autonomous Nervous System entirely controls this response. More energy is regenerated to prepare for fright. It hence leads to the activation of adrenergic receptors which affect the formation of new blood vessels. The action of sympathetic nerves can impact tissue repair mechanisms during angiogenesis which is a later response occurring in the patients’…

Insulin, one of the most important peptide hormone in the body, which plays significant role in maintaining the blood glucose level in the body. Under certain physiological conditions such as pregnancy, the body mechanism changes due to elevated levels of certain secretory factor like leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, TNF-α, plasminogen activator and testosterone (McLachlan et al., 2006), which produces certain adverse effects, insulin resistance being the most prominent one, where the…

There are multiple factors that contribute to the build-up of plaque in the vessels and in turn, the development of atherosclerosis (Silverthorn et al., 2009 p327). The disease attacks different arteries in the body, but the most harmful conditions involve damages to the vessels of the brain and the heart (Silverthorn et al., 2009 p329). Understanding of the structures and mechanisms that take place in the heart and the brain to allow for blood distribution is a critical component for anyone…

Antiemetics Overview: Antiemetics are used for nausea and to prevent vomiting and also used for motion sickness. These drugs can be bought over the counter. (OTC) Action: Dimenhydrenate or Dramamine is an antihistamine. It should be taken one hour before travelling, and will prevent motion sickness. The antihistamine is available in children’s liquid formula and in a Less Drowsy Formula that may have fewer sedative side effects. Meclizine hydrochloride (Bonine) treats vomiting and dizziness…

The Prostate Gland: An Overview: Anatomy: The prostate gland is shaped as an inverted cone in which the apex is pointing downward, the base is referring upward, and the midgland is sandwiched in between. In an antro-posterior view, the gland lies with its long axis parallel to the anterior rectal wall. It is bordered superiorly by the bladder (ventrally) and the seminal vesicles (dorsally), and inferiorly by the urogenital diaphragm (Jung and Westphalen, 2012). The prostate is separated from…

Overview of The Myocyte The myocyte is composed of various protein filaments that comprise the contractile apparatus of the cardiac cell. Myofibrils, a collection of individual sarcomeres, enable contraction and relaxation of the myocyte. The sarcomere is the chief contractile unit of the cell. It is made up of two main proteins, myosin (thick filament) and actin (thin filament), as well as two regulatory proteins, tropomyosin and troponin. In order for the myocyte to contract and shorten it…

Clinical Decision Making Pathophysiology: Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) A cerebral vascular accident (CVA) is defined as “a sudden loss of brain functioning from a disruption of blood supply to a part of the brain causing temporary or permanent loss of movement, thought, memory, speech, or sensation”(Belleza, 2016, p. 1). CVA is categorized as ischemic or hemorrhagic. Hypertension accounts for the majority of ischemic CVAs or strokes. According to the American Heart Association, ischemic…