Adrenergic receptor

pindolol were non-selective, so resulted in blockage of β2-receptors in smooth muscle within the bronchi. This became an issue when constriction of bronchi in asthmatic patients proved hazardous (Golan, 2008). Furthermore, blocking all β-receptors could conceal hypoglycaemic symptoms in cases of diabetes (Golan, 2008). On these grounds more selective medications became a necessity. By 1970, although classification of varying β-receptors was yet to be announced, practolol was known to selectively…

Hypertension Biology 202 Summer 2016 8 a.m. Online Devynne Carter Hypertension is when a person’s force of blood against the artery walls is consistently elevated over a long period of time and causes a constant blood pressure reading above 140/90 mm Hg. When blood pressure is high over long periods of time it can cause permanent long term effects to the blood vessels. You get this reading by measuring how much blood is pumped out of the heart and the overall resistance of the…

To understand the effects of agonists and competitive antagonists the receptors involved must be identified first. There are 2 major groups of receptors present in rat ileum, the first being 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors and the second, muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) – and of these two groups there are certain subtypes in the ileum contributing to its tone, motility, secretion and blood flow. The 5-HT receptor subtypes most prevalent in the rat ileum were, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B,…

Limitless is a new CBS television series starring Jake McDorman (Shameless) as a washed up musician who discovers NZT-48, a smart drug that can raise a person’s IQ to four digits and turn them into a super soldier. The show is based on the Bradley Cooper starring cinematic feature of the same name, which in turn is based on the novel The Dark Fields. Cooper, who is executive producer, makes a cameo appearance, reprising his role as Edward Morra, the underachieving writer who has his fortunes…

rhythm and persistent or paroxysmal atrial flutter who are in sinus rhythm or undergoing cardioversion after initiation of the drug. Dronaderone (Multaq) is sodium and potassium ion channels blocker, like amiodarone. It is also an alpha and beta adrenergic receptor antagonist. Dronaderone is a benzo furan derivative like amiodarone, with the addition of methyl sulfonamide group which reduces the lipophilicity. Lipophilicity reduces the drug to cross blood brain barrier, and this has shown in…

of α4β1 and also some α4β7, both which can mediate rolling on VCAM-1. Rolling interactions allow HSC to sample the chemokine CXCL12 presented in microdomains on the endothelial surface. CXCL12 is known to activate HSC through the G-protein coupled receptor CXCR4, leading to high affinity integrin-mediated arrest. Furthermore CXCL12 may translocate from the endothelial cells to the parenchyma, affecting the migration of HSCs throughout BM. CXCL12/CXCR4 axis crosstalks with other pathways that may…

Names: Generic: modafinil, Trade name in New Zealand: MODAVIGIL® (MIMS 2015). Drug class: Central nervous stimulants (Wake- promoting agents) (Ballon and Feifel, 2006) Formulation: Modavigil ® is formulated as modafinil white to off-white, crystalline powder in tablet form. It is available in tablets containing 100mg of modafinil. Excipients in the tablet are: lactose, strach, pregelatinised maize, maicrocrystaline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, providone and magnesium stearate (Medsafe,…

Introduction Bernabucci et al., 2009 described a reduction in feed intake by finishing lambs as a result of heat stress conditions. Dávila-Ramírez et al., 2014 hypothesized that the use of β-adrenergic agonists as a feeding management strategy to improve carcass characteristics in reduced feed intake lambs. Zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) use in steers resulted in the mobilization of tissue from visceral organs and directed these nutrients to carcass tissues during periods of ZH supplementation…

operation and anaesthesia cannot be avoided and it does not have atherosclerotic lesions. The standard murine models for atherosclerosis, apolipoprotein E (apoE) KO mice [74-76], and LDL receptor knockout [77] exhibit atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta but usually do not develop MI. HDL receptor scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI)-deficient and apoE-deficient…

Dexmedetomidine versus Granisetron for the management of post spinal shivering Abstract Background: Shivering is one of the most stressful complications for patient and surgeon during spinal anesthesia. In this prospective, randomized, double blinded study we compared the efficacy of Dexmedetomidine versus Granisetron for control of post spinal shivering. Methods: study was conducted on 120 patients, ASA I-III, of either sex, aged 18–60 years, scheduled for elective lower abdominal and lower…