a) “What serosal cavities have been penetrated by the 1st arrow?” The pleural cavity and pericardial cavity have been penetrated by the 1st arrow as they tend to appear in the thoracic cavity on the left side of the chest.
b) “Explain the location, the microscopic characteristics of the serous membrane, and the purpose of the serous membrane.”
The serous membrane, the peritoneum is located within cavities of the abdomen and the pelvis. Pleura are found in the thoracic cavity surrounding the lungs. The Pericardium found in the middle mediastinum surrounding the heart. In studying the serous membrane physiology, it is crucial to consider the pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial cavities due to their similarities in function and reactions …show more content…
It is responsible for flight or fight response. The Autonomic Nervous System also influences metabolism and thermal regulation. There are three main parts of the Autonomic Nervous System: the sympathetic nervous system, enteric nervous system, and parasympathetic nervous system. Ganglions are components of the autonomic nervous system and therefore has preganglionic and postganglionic fibers. Sympathetic Nervous System has thoracombular outflow. On stimulation of the body, its effects are widely spread across the body system. This is in contrast with Parasympathetic Nervous System in which stimulation produces minimal localized impacts. Craniosacral outflow exists in the Parasympathetic system. The Autonomic Nervous System is responsible for the mechanism of sleep (Hess, W. R. …show more content…
The arrow attack stimulates increased secretion of pituitary hormones, and the Sympathetic Nervous System is immediately activated. The patient might have been prompted to respond immediately by fright mechanism to avoid another attack. The Autonomous Nervous System entirely controls this response. More energy is regenerated to prepare for fright. It hence leads to the activation of adrenergic receptors which affect the formation of new blood vessels. The action of sympathetic nerves can impact tissue repair mechanisms during angiogenesis which is a later response occurring in the patients’