Adrenergic receptor

are complex and although decades of research on this drug, remain unclear. Different mechanisms may play a role in the effects induced by DOX, including suppression of protein synthesis and nucleic acid formation, lysosomal deformities, changes in adrenergic function, mitochondrial abnormalities , changed sarcolemmal Ca2+ transport, calcium…

is the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). The SNS is meant to augment the blood pressure and CO and is the most immediate compensatory mechanism. It will sense the decrease in CO and release more norepinephrine and epinephrine to bind to beta-adrenergic receptors of the heart to increase the heart rate, which will increase contractility and CO consequently (Conelius, 2014). The second mechanism is the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism. If the kidneys sense that they are not receiving enough…

Sertraline. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter responsible for controlling fundamental physiological aspects of the body. In the central nervous system (CNS), serotonin has a key role in regulating sleep, appetite, sexual desire and mood, also some cognitive function, including memory, learning and depression. Individuals who suffer from major depressive disorder are associated with decreased availability of serotonin or inefficient levels of serotonin. In addition, suicidal patients have…

Antipsychotic Medications and the Treatment of Psychotic Disorders Since 10,000 B.C. the presence of psychosis has been recognized and treated, using numerous tormenting practices and inhumane interventions. However, it was not until the early 19th century did society classify psychosis as a mental health disorder, instead of labeling it as a demonic possession and began using Asylums, “The Whirling Chair/Bed,” and Benjamin Rush’s “Tranquilizing Chair,” to treat psychotic patients. As society…

All those who are intubated must be extubated! Anaesthesia is a science but learned and practiced as an art. Contrary to its traditional image, functions of modern day anaesthesiologist expands far beyond the boundaries of anaesthetizing and de-anaesthetizing a particular patient. Taking utmost care of the patient and safeguarding the patient from possible untoward events during anaesthesia and surgery is the supreme duty of the anaesthesiologist apart from optimal pain relief to the…

Kapp, Maurer, Auwärter, Winkelmann, and Hermanns-Clausen (2011) describe a case of a 25-year-old male who developed jaundice and pruritus after ceasing to ingest Kratom. The patient had been using Kratom acquired “via the Internet (www.thai-kratom)” for two weeks (Kapp et al., 2011, para. 3). On the second day after having quit taking the Kratom powder the man began experiencing subjective fever and chills. Restlessness and insomnia was also reported by the patient, possibly signalling…

They had exercised six times a day for ten minutes on a bicycle ergometer at 80 percent heart rate they had reached during peak oxygen uptake during initial exercise test (134.4 ±3.8) (Hambrecht et al., 2000). Oxygen uptake was influenced by adrenergic- receptors and beta-blockers.…

Desoxyn (Methamphitamine ) Classification: CNS Stimulant/Anorexiant/ Sympathomimetic MW: 149.237 g/mol pKa: 9.87 (at 25 °C) Chemical Formula: C10H15N IUPAC Name: (2S)-N-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-amine Description Methamphetamine comes under category of amphetamine type stimulants. Methamphetamine is an Amphetamine Anorectic and Central Nervous System Stimulant. Other than clinical usage as an oral form or Intravenous form, methamphetamine has been highly abused as street drugs by…

There are many methods on stress management. In this essay it will outline and evaluate two physiological and two psychological methods of stress management. Physiological methods work by relieving the symptoms of stress such as fast heart rate. Two physiological methods include drug therapy and biofeedback. Drug therapy helps manage stress by altering the body's response to a stressor and making it easier to deal with. The two most common drugs used in drug therapy are Benzodiazepines and…

Question 1. A. AIRWAY– Maintaining a clear airway is always considered a high priority because the airway is essential for gas exchange. However, the patient has a patent airway (Ramkumar, 2011). The nursing strategy is to conduct an airway assessment “look, listen and feel” continuously to detect any changes. This is to provide immediate respiratory care if the patient’s airway is compromised (Higginson, Jones & Davies, 2011). This is a low priority. B. BREATHING – Respiration is altered due…