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    LEBER HEREDITARY NEUROPATHY PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Three mitochondria mutations contribute to Leber hereditary neuropathy disease. The three mitochondria mutations G11778A, G3460A, T14484C occurs inside of complex 1 Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Chinnery et al., 2001). Complex 1 NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase is mainly for the transferring of electrons within the mitochondrial in the respiratory chain (Garmier et.al, 2008). When the respiratory chain is not…

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    After proper research, DNA and the Gene are two quite similar things. Each person contains this in their body. DNA can be found in mostly any part of the body, it could also be found in plants and other species. DNA and the gene are just part of the most important things that we have in our living system because this is what makes us look like our relatives. DNA is part of living things and if someone looks like their parent this is because they have the same Genes. Every living organism…

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    child. Therefore, as Michael Phelps grows and builds, the DNA given from each of his parents is continually replicating to make new, identical DNA inside his body. The bases inside the double helix (DNA strand) have specific matches, Thymine with Adenine, Guanine with Cytosine. However, the base pairs are sequenced differently in each individual human being. Consequently, Michael Phelps’ DNA strands, which make him have his long arms and strong torso, contrast deeply from the DNA inside my body.…

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    Blood Confusion Essay

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    Blood Transfusions – Principles Questions 1. Different components of WBC’s? How much of blood is plasma? 2. Function of RBC antigens? 3. Which blood type is universal recipient? Universal donor 4. Important facts about Rh factors? 5. Most fatal hemolytic reactions result from? 6. What are the procedures for donor/recipient blood? 7. How long does a type and screen take? What does it determine? 8. Type and crossmatch take how long? What three phases are performed? 9. Type A…

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    Arsenic Vs Cadmium Essay

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    Heavy metals are found toxic to humans as well as canines. Canines are much more susceptible to absorbing heavy metals than humans. One of the major effects of the heavy metals is reducing the metabolism in both humans and canines through accumulation of toxins. This experiment can provide evidence as to how much of the experimental toxin (arsenic and cadmium) affects cells’ metabolism when allowed to accumulate after 72 hours. In addition, different amounts of arsenic and cadmium (50 ppm, 100…

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    Enzyme Lab Report

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    phosphorous heteroatoms, while CYP450 oxidizes these molecules in addition to C-H abstraction. When comparing sensitivity to Mg+2, FMO is inhibited, while CYP450 is stimulated. CYP450 enzyme has a heme iron prosthetic group and FMO enzyme contains flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as a prosthetic group.…

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    Huntington’s disease is a continuous brain disorder that is the source of involuntary motion, emotional and mental instability as well as cognition damage. It is an inherited disorder relatively common in adults aged thirty to forty. People of European decent typically have a higher chance of being born with the gene that causes HD, while those of Asian and African background have a lower probability. For HD to be developed only one copy of the mutated huntingtin (HTT) gene must be inherited.…

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    is 2,697,540 base pairs and 70% was the G+C content (3). The high G+C percentage indicates that the bacterium is very stable. This is because guanine and cytosine form 3 hydrogen bonds with each other, compared to 2 hydrogen bonds formed between adenine and thymine. So it takes more energy to denature a…

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    structure (double-helix structure) of the DNA. The DNA had been discovered in the late 1800s, but Watson and Crick determine the genetic inheritance which contain human genes. These two researchers found that DNA consists of four elements known as Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Thymine and that DNA replicated itself. In 1961, Nirenberg and Matthaei worked on encoding the genetic code. In 1972, Berg discovered the molecular cloning of DNA and in 1977, Sanger provide information of the sequence…

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    Oswald Avery had confirmed that DNA was the carrier of hereditary information. Alexander Todd, an organic chemist, confirmed that the backbone of DNA contained repeating sugar and phosphate groups. Erwin Chargaff discovered that the nitrogenous bases adenine and thymine appeared in a 1:1 ratio, along with guanine and cytosine. Maurice Wilkins and Rosaline Franklin had proposed the corkscrew like shape of DNA when viewing X-ray images of DNA. Linus Pauling had even gone so far as to suggest his…

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