Adenine

mutation occurs in the HTT gene, this gene controls the production of the huntingtin protein. The exact purpose of the protein has still not been determined but it works closely with the neurons in our brains. The mutilation causes the CAG (cytosine, adenine and guanine) trinucleotide repeat to appear excessively. In…

After proper research, DNA and the Gene are two quite similar things. Each person contains this in their body. DNA can be found in mostly any part of the body, it could also be found in plants and other species. DNA and the gene are just part of the most important things that we have in our living system because this is what makes us look like our relatives. DNA is part of living things and if someone looks like their parent this is because they have the same Genes. Every living organism…

depending on where it is in the normal sequence of amino acids, it can severely alter the protein produced [16]. One mutation that has been shown to cause this defect on the NLRP3 gene is the p.D303N mutation. This mutation causes a G907A (Guanine to Adenine) transition on the DNA. This point mutation changes only one amino acid aspartic acid into asparagine in the peptide chain [17]. This is the most common mutation that causes…

Abstract This experiment studies the rate of activity of succinate dehydrogenase protein derived from the mitochondria of cauliflower cells. Succinate dehydrogenase, once active, is known to reduce the coenzyme flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) to FADH2. Succinate dehydrogenase and its coenzyme creates an enzyme complex (E-FADH2) which transfers electrons to coenzyme Q during the Krebs cycle. In this experiment, sodium azide will be added to the mitochondrial solution to prevent the transfer of…

becomes an enucleated egg cell. -The nucleus is removed because the nucleus contains the majority of the genetic information (DNA). -DNA has a double helix structure and it is made from many nucleotides -Nucleotides are made from a nitrogen base (Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, or Thymine), a phosphate group, and a deoxyribose. -The DNA is stored in the nucleus as chromatin, but during cell division the DNA stored as chromatin condense into chromosomes. -The DNA initially condenses into chromatin…

LEBER HEREDITARY NEUROPATHY PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Three mitochondria mutations contribute to Leber hereditary neuropathy disease. The three mitochondria mutations G11778A, G3460A, T14484C occurs inside of complex 1 Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Chinnery et al., 2001). Complex 1 NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase is mainly for the transferring of electrons within the mitochondrial in the respiratory chain (Garmier et.al, 2008). When the respiratory chain is not…

identical base pairing. However, none of these theories survived scrutiny of the public. However, using Chargaff’s rule (the rule is based on the number of adenine bases being equal to the number of thymine bases as well as the number of guanines being equal to the number of cytosine bases.) When the answer occurred to Watson that the adenine base was internally linked to the thymine and the guanine to the cytosine. He realised that this would mean that the A-T bond would be exactly the same…

What does NADH stand for? First off it stands for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride. Now NADH is a natural occurring substance that is found in living organisms, with an “H” that actually stand for high energy hydrogen. Now what does this hydrogen have to do with NADH? Well when NAD has this “H” it therefore means it is in the most active biological form possible. NADH is also known as coenzyme 1 in our bodies, and is also the top ranked coenzyme that we have in our body. Since it is…

Heavy metals are found toxic to humans as well as canines. Canines are much more susceptible to absorbing heavy metals than humans. One of the major effects of the heavy metals is reducing the metabolism in both humans and canines through accumulation of toxins. This experiment can provide evidence as to how much of the experimental toxin (arsenic and cadmium) affects cells’ metabolism when allowed to accumulate after 72 hours. In addition, different amounts of arsenic and cadmium (50 ppm, 100…

phosphorous heteroatoms, while CYP450 oxidizes these molecules in addition to C-H abstraction. When comparing sensitivity to Mg+2, FMO is inhibited, while CYP450 is stimulated. CYP450 enzyme has a heme iron prosthetic group and FMO enzyme contains flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as a prosthetic group.…