Blood Transfusions – Principles Questions
1. Different components of WBC’s? How much of blood is plasma?
2. Function of RBC antigens?
3. Which blood type is universal recipient? Universal donor
4. Important facts about Rh factors?
5. Most fatal hemolytic reactions result from?
6. What are the procedures for donor/recipient blood?
7. How long does a type and screen take? What does it determine?
8. Type and crossmatch take how long? What three phases are performed?
9. Type A has _____ antigens on RBC and ________ antibodies in plasma
10. Type B has _____ antigens on RBC and ________ antibodies in plasma
11. Type AB has _____ antigens on RBC and ________ antibodies in plasma
12. Type O has _____ antigens on RBC and ________ …show more content…
What is autologous blood? What are the contraindications?
Cell saver:
• Anticoagulates blood, spins out RBCs, washes cells with saline
• All platelets and coagulants are removed
• HCT is approximately 50-60%
Contraindications:
1. Malignant cells
2. Contamination (bacteria, amniotic fluid)
3. Topical clotting agents
Most Common Serious Complication:
1. Air Embolism
49. What is acute normovolemic hemodilution? Advantage?
Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution:
• the removal of blood immediately prior to surgery and replacing with crystalloid
• theory of ANH is that fewer RBCs will be lost in surgical blood loss
• the patient will have an adequate preop HCT and is expected to lose more than 2 units of blood
Advantages:
1. Blood removal does not undergo biochemical alterations associated with storage
2. No disease transmission
3. No transfusion reactions
4. No immunomodulatory effects
5. Preserved platelet function
6. Avoidance of hypothermia
7. Less expensive
50. Contraindications to acute normovolemic hemodilution? Major complications?
Contraindications:
1. Anemia
2. Decreased renal function
3. CAD
4. Carotid disease
5. Pulmonary disease
6. Liver disease
7. Inadequate vascular access
Major Complications:
1. Myocardial
1. Different components of WBC’s? How much of blood is plasma?
2. Function of RBC antigens?
3. Which blood type is universal recipient? Universal donor
4. Important facts about Rh factors?
5. Most fatal hemolytic reactions result from?
6. What are the procedures for donor/recipient blood?
7. How long does a type and screen take? What does it determine?
8. Type and crossmatch take how long? What three phases are performed?
9. Type A has _____ antigens on RBC and ________ antibodies in plasma
10. Type B has _____ antigens on RBC and ________ antibodies in plasma
11. Type AB has _____ antigens on RBC and ________ antibodies in plasma
12. Type O has _____ antigens on RBC and ________ …show more content…
What is autologous blood? What are the contraindications?
Cell saver:
• Anticoagulates blood, spins out RBCs, washes cells with saline
• All platelets and coagulants are removed
• HCT is approximately 50-60%
Contraindications:
1. Malignant cells
2. Contamination (bacteria, amniotic fluid)
3. Topical clotting agents
Most Common Serious Complication:
1. Air Embolism
49. What is acute normovolemic hemodilution? Advantage?
Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution:
• the removal of blood immediately prior to surgery and replacing with crystalloid
• theory of ANH is that fewer RBCs will be lost in surgical blood loss
• the patient will have an adequate preop HCT and is expected to lose more than 2 units of blood
Advantages:
1. Blood removal does not undergo biochemical alterations associated with storage
2. No disease transmission
3. No transfusion reactions
4. No immunomodulatory effects
5. Preserved platelet function
6. Avoidance of hypothermia
7. Less expensive
50. Contraindications to acute normovolemic hemodilution? Major complications?
Contraindications:
1. Anemia
2. Decreased renal function
3. CAD
4. Carotid disease
5. Pulmonary disease
6. Liver disease
7. Inadequate vascular access
Major Complications:
1. Myocardial