Theory of cognitive development

Among the theories of human development, the one I most agree with is Kohlberg’s six stages of moral reasoning. Kohlberg’s theory outlines the stages of moral reasoning in a simplistic manner that one can follow and understand the process of each stage of the infant to adulthood life cycle. The first level 1, age 4 to 10 years includes stage 1 – 'Punishment and Obedience Orientation'. The child obeys rules given by others to avoid punishment. As such, the child does not fully understand…

The act of growing up is something we all experience. Being naive and innocent characterize the time and state of mind before this act. Our view of the world are one of the things that is affected by this naive nature. Preteens often picture an adult life and world as something magical, almost fictional and have high hopes for this adult future. Growing up and growing out of this naive worldview is exactly what the main character experiences in the short story Acting Shakespeare. Through this…

Cognitive Observation 2 During the first twelve months of life newborns are initiating cause and effect. While, there is no such thing as two infants developing in exactly the same way, there are milestones that young children should reach by certain ages in order to determine growth. As they begin to relate to their immediate surroundings, infants initiate behaviors that establish cognitive development by way of their developing senses (hearing, taste, smell etc.). This is known as, the…

Birth order can effect human psychology. It is affected by child’s growth and personality. It doesn’t matter whether he is first born, last born or somewhere in the middle. The only thing that matters is that how a child is treated by parents, other siblings and family members because if a child is being ignored by them he or she will automatically become independent. Gender has also a major impact on how a child is treated in his or her birth order. Birth order affects the personality of a…

Description and Process of Psychometric: Hermann Ebbinghaus started the scientific study of memory by publishing a book entitled Memory: A Contribution to Experimental Psychology in 1885 ("Ebbinghaus | in Chapter 06: Memory | from Psychology: An Introduction by Russ Dewey", 2016). Ebbinghaus purposed an experiment where he decided to use himself as a subject where the experiment is closely related to short term memory recall. He presented himself with items to memorize, waited for a precise…

Scientists and psychologists are working together on creating a robot that can be raised and taught like a baby. Children learn about the world around them by testing things out and observing the people around them. This is how they form their own opinions of our world and learn important lessons as well as experience things. The only commands and knowledge a robot has are the ones that they are programmed to know. This team’s objective is to program a baby robot to learn in the same way that…

The problem behaviors of yelling throwing objects and kicking were examined to determine in maintaining variables, in a four and seven-month year old boy, named Matthew. Through the utilization of a functional assessment screening tool (FAST) to identify areas of inquiry. FAST gives a better understanding of the behavior and those factors influencing it. FAST consist of an informant relationship section and 27-items designed to assess five functional properties of a problem behavior: (1)…

After reading the chapter, Children and Poverty: Breaking the Vicious Cycle, I have gained an additional approach for tackling the issue of poverty and inequity in the world. Before tackling the issue, it is crucial for all to understand the extent of poverty in separate parts of the world. In other words, individuals should understand what poverty looks in different families or countries. Things to consider may be, on average, the amount of children or families that are impacted by the issue…

Neuroscience researchers have conducted research on infant brain development, in hopes of detecting neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Pervasive Developmental Disorders (Autism) and applying early intervention strategies. In definition, Autism is characterized by poor social, communication, and behavioral skill development (Najdowski, 2009). In hopes of finding an appropriate intervention strategy, Reichow (2012) conducted a meta-analysis and found that the use of the Applied Behavioral…

Research Project #1 In Steven Elias Alvarado’s Study, Delayed Disadvantage: Neighborhood Context and Child Development, he discusses how children growing up in disadvantaged neighborhoods may impact cognitive development. The Unit of Analysis in this study is the individuals, in that he analyzes the children over time. Whereas many previous neighborhood studies of cognitive and behavior outcomes have been restricted to cross-sections or very short snapshots, which has “limit[ed] our…