Rupture of membranes

of peptidoglycan that is enclosed by an outer membrane. The outer membrane is surrounded by special phospholipids composed of fatty acids called lipopolysaccharides that are attached to a glucosamine…

THE EFFECTS OF OSMOSIS INTRODUCTION Osmosis is the process where molecules of a solvent are prone to pass through a semi-permeable membrane, going from a less concentrated solution to a higher concentrated solution. Doing this equalizes the concentrations on both sides of the membrane. Our question throughout the experiment was; What effects do the different concentrations of sucrose have on the rate of osmosis? The hypothesis was; If the solute concentrations do effect the rate of osmosis,…

substances across the cell membrane. The cell membrane is found on the outside of the cell and controls what goes in and out of the cell. It is selectively permeable. The membrane has cells that share common structural features, including an outer boundary. All cells are contained by a cell membrane, which keeps the pieces inside. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded throughout. It separates what’s inside the cell, some of the proteins. The plasma membrane helps maintain…

Permeable Bags Placed in Different Concentrations of Water and Sucrose Introduction Osmosis is defined as the movement of water from a region of water that has a higher potential to a region of water that has a lower potential through semipermeable membranes. There are three types of solutions, hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic. Hypertonic solutions have a higher concentration of solute while hypotonic solutions have a lower concentration of solute. Isotonic solutions have an equal…

Observing Osmosis INTRODUCTION Osmosis is the “diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane” (Raven et al. G-16). In this experiment, dialysis tubing was used to mimic the selectively permeable membrane to show what osmosis does when placed in different solutes. We filled dialysis tubes fill with different percentages of solute and placed them in beakers full of a different solute. Through this experiment, I saw what happens when the solution becomes hypertonic, hypotonic, and…

Abstract This lab was conducted in order to determine the molarity of sucrose concentration where the mass of 2cm^3 of Classic Russet potato segments and pear segments does not change, representing an isotonic concentration. By calculating the change of mass of the potato segment and pear segments prior to being placed in the sucrose solution against the mass after being in the sucrose solution for 45 minutes. Our goal was to determine what type of osmotic concentration was created as compared…

A membrane is defined as a thin sheet, film, or layer, which works as a selective barrier between two phases that can be liquid or gas.113 In other words, a membrane is an interface between two adjacent phases acting as a selective barrier, regulating the transport between the two components.114 Membranes have gained an important place in chemical technology and are used in a broad range of applications.115,116,117 The key property that is exploited is the ability of a membrane to control the…

Docking: In molecular modeling field, docking is a method which assumes the desired orientation of one molecule to a second molecule when bound to each other, to form a stable complex. Knowledge of the orientations can be used to assume the strength of association or binding affinity between the two molecules. The associations between biologically relevant molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids play a key role in signal transduction. Thus, the relative alignment of…

Abstract Bacteriorhodopsin is located in the plasma membrane of Halobacterium halobium, where it acts as a proton-pump, transporting protons out of the cell. Since its discovery in 1979, much research has been done on Bacteriorhodopsin and there have been many advancements in our knowledge. Firstly, on its structure and function and secondly, on the conformational changes it undergoes during retinal isomerisation. Introduction Bacteriorhodopsin is a globular protein, (Henderson, 1975) which…

One’s body is made of 70% of water that in which is the main component of the cells within one’s bodies. Within these cells, there are particles that move inside and outside through a semi-permeable membrane. This process is called diffusion. In diffusion, particles move in motion at a random speed from a high concentration to an area of low concentration until all of the molecules are dispersed evenly. It is important to remember that involvement with diffusion depends on the concentration. The…