Myelin

Neuroscientists at the John Hopkins University School of Medicine were able to determine that a group of cells found in the adult brain remain highly active by transforming into insulating nerve fibers. These nerve fibers then formed scars that contributed to tissue repair when they were artificially inserted into a group of mice. Their work brings to light how these multifunctional cells communicate with one another in the central nervous system (CNS), also known as the brain and spinal cord.…

A human’s cognitive ability is unlike any other animal on the earth. Compared to other animals, the human brain possesses more neurons and synapses, tallying eighty-six billion and one hundred fifty trillion respectively. The wiring of the brain and its connections are responsible for human’s superior cognition. Thus, the reason neuroscientists pursue research of neural connections is obvious; neural connections are the fundamental basis of individual expression. Many famous neuroscientists,…

neuron is composed of several parts in its structure and to ensure interneuron communication, it uses neurotransmitters which have a tremendous effect on our mood and behavior. The neuron is composed of 5 main parts, the cell body, dendrite, the axon, myelin sheath, terminal buttons, all are composed together to form the…

There are more than 80 types of autoimmune disorders. An autoimmune disorder occurs when the body’s immune system attacks and destroys healthy body tissue by mistake. What causes this to take place? Inside the human body we have white blood cells that secure againist destructive substances in the body immune system. A few examples include bacteria, viruses, toxins, cancer cells, and blood and tissue from outside the body. When the immune system has been attack it produces antibodies that…

Joel Urdiera Biology 2011L Lab Assignment Many people are diagnosed with Multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis is a unpredictable, sometimes disabling disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that blocks the flow of information within the brain, and between the brain and the body. Multiple sclerosis is thought to affect more that 2 million people worldwide. For that many people to be affect to this disease you would think that it might be contagious but it is not and it is not directly…

Multiple Sclerosis in my opinion is an emotional roller-coaster. Many people with this disease experience altered emotions. I call it the unpredictable disease because you don’t know how you’re going to feel every day, yet alone in a couple of hours. It not only affects that person, but it touches their loved ones as well. Funny thing is, not everyone with Multiple Sclerosis will react the same way. You may have one person that has several reactions and another have slim to none. I do know…

Though not much is known of the cause of MS, researchers believe that Multiple Sclerosis causes the body’s immune system to attack the myelin sheath. The myelin sheaths are an insulating coating around the nerve cells, consisting of a mixture of proteins and phospholipids, which help to increase the speed at which nerve impulses are conducted. As the myelin degrades the communication between the nerve cells in the central nervous system become muddled causing some parts of the body not to…

Multiple Sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one the deadliest diseases that effects the brain, spine and the central nervous system (CNS). MS is a progressive immune-mediated disease that has an onset stage between ages 20-40 which is affecting 2.5 million people globally (Burke, Hooper, Barlow & Hatter (2013). The onset of multiple sclerosis attacks the immune system which slows down the communication of the brain to the other parts of the body. The immune system begins to breakdown leading…

sphingolipids are actually ceramides with head groups that contain a single sugar residue. Moreover these are ceramide monohexosides, the most important being galactocerebrosides and glucocerebroside. Present in neural tissue membranes, particularly the myelin…

two parts, the brain, and the spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system is made up of two parts as well, the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. 2. What are Neurons? Describe the key parts of Neurons, including: Dendrites, Myelin, Axons, and Synapse. To keep it simple, a neuron is a nerve cell. Most neurons are very similar to a typical cell, but have a few structures that set it apart. The main part of the cell is known as the soma, or cell body. In the soma is the…