Myelin

Myelin content, which increases during the course of childhood and adolescence, is indicative of brain maturity and accounts for the heightened need to sleep in children (University of Zurich, 2016). As part of the visual system, the myelin content is responsible for interpreting input from the senses and for spatial perception skills (but myelin is not directly responsible in the process of sleep itself)-- a lack of myelin content indicates the brain is not yet…

where the nerve ending that is separated from the system begins to degenerate. Once the injury has occurred, it takes around 24 hours in the PNS to begin Wallerian Degeneration. First, the axonal skeleton and membrane disintegrate. Following this, the myelin sheath is disintegrated and macrophages and Schwann cells (glial cells which support neurons) enter the neurolemma, which remains as a hollow tube following the disintegration of the…

Gabriela Medina Psychology 2301 Chapter 2 This is an important chapter with a lot of vital information about the nervous system, the neurons, the brain, the endocrine system, and genetics and behavior. The nervous system helps the body carry vital information from and to the brain. The brain can adapt to certain environments and can change depending on the environment that you are in and your way of thinking. It can spread information with the help of neurons, who pass…

1. The resting membrane potential is the potential difference across the cell membrane of excitable cells such as nerve and muscle cells. The 3 major factors that establish a resting membrane potential are as follows: (1) Non-diffusible anions: The resting membrane potential is influenced by the presence of large non-diffusible anions (proteins, nucleic acids and organic phosphates) inside a cell. The presence of large non-diffusible anions inside a cell attracts a large number of cations and…

the brain of the cell where all the action happens. This disease breaks down the coating of nerve fibers or axons, those are called Myelin Sheath. This disease also breaks down brain cells which are imperative for everyday functioning and intelligence. This causes impairment of motor and mental skills. Krabbe disease is caused by a lack of an essential enzyme that myelin needs for metabolism, or its own energy. This enzyme is called galactocerebrosidase. This disease primarily affects infants…

Adrenoleukodystrophy, or ALD, is a disease found in young boys. In boys with this condition, certain fatty acids strip away the nerve cells’ protective layer, causing major brain damage. It is an orphan disease, meaning that there are only a few people that have it, and there is little to no profit incentive for drug companies to develop a cure. In Lorenzo’s Oil, Lorenzo Odone is diagnosed with this disease, which at the time, was nearly always fatal. During Lorenzo’s father’s journey to find a…

The spread of the performing arts, children, teens, and adults in the 21st century have gained an interest in learning how to play musical instruments. Studies have shown that people who not only listen to music, but play a musical instrument themselves, use more parts of the brain. Not only can it prevent them for getting a disease that affects their ability to think, but it also causes people to learn at rapid speed. “The human brain is one of the most complex organs in the human body. It…

Embryonic Stem Cells: The Cell of Many Potentials According to renowned physicist Stephen Hawking, “Stem cell research is the key to developing cures for degenerative conditions like Parkinson 's and motor neuron disease from which I and many others suffer. The fact that the cells may come from embryos is not an objection, because the embryos are going to die anyway.” Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have two important abilities. Firstly, they have the ability to renewed themselves…

fibers and neurons main receptive surface; carries impulses to the cell body; usually multiple dendrites per cell body Axon: slight elevation of the cell body; carries nerve impulses away from the cell body; only one per cell body 3. What color does myelin (the lipid-protein layers that form a sheath around an axon) appear? white 4. What are the 2 main parts of the nervous system? Central Nervous System & Peripheral Nervous System 5. What are 3 functions of the nervous system? Detect…

One possible cause of GBS is thought to have been changes in the immune system from previous exposure to a virus or bacteria that resembles the proteins and peptides of the myelin sheath cells, which is causing the immune system to attempt to eradicate what is thought to be an infection. However, this is self-tissue within the nervous system. The treatment now are attempting to alleviate the attacks that the system are mounted…