Mirror neuron

substantia nigra via the nigrostriadal pathway sends dopamine cells that are excitatory to the globus pallidis internus . The globus pallidus is inhibited creating disinhibition of the thalamus and excitory neurons are sent to the motor cortex. The result is facilitation to the lower motor neurons that innervate the voluntary muscles. In the indirect pathway the dopamine acts as a inhibitory…

The Truth About ALS and CTE: Can They Be Stopped? Imagine being trapped inside your own body; powerless, unable to do anything on your own. Thinking about old memories and just wishing for the chance to relive those happy moments when you are capable of doing the simplest jobs on your own. That is exactly how a person feels when they have Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis or commonly known as Lou Gehrig's Disease. ALS is a fatal neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells, which control one's…

The second DNA sequence protein came out as alpha-synuclein which plays a role in Parkinson's disease. "Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that effects movement." (Mayo Clinic ) It effects the movement by making the body stiff or hard to move or to control. There are five different stages of Parkinson's disease. The first stage is the mildest form of Parkinson's disease, the symptoms are so minimal that they are often missed. Some of these symptoms in stage one…

to baseline by 24 h) after neuronal activation associated with pharmacologically-induced convulsive and sensory stimuli as well as behavioral tasks (Morgan et al., 1987; Saffen et al., 1988; Link et al., 1995; Lyford et al., 1995). IEG-expressing neurons are known to be distributed across a wide variety of brain regions (Rosen et al., 1998; Guzowski et al., 1999; Vann et al., 2000; Hall et al., 2001; Ramirez-Amaya et al., 2005).…

Multiple Sclerosis is a rare disease. It affects the brain and central nervous system at different locations where the severity of the disease in patients happens over few weeks and months. Worldwide 2.3 million people are being affected by multiple sclerosis1. MS, an auto immune disease2 , occurs by combination of factor’s come together contributing to its occurrence majorly genetic and environmental factors1. These include the virulent micro-organisms such as “ Epstein Barr virus” being the…

As this happens, it ultimately leads to the death of neurons, which is going to cause brain injury. The imbalance in ions has played a major role in how cellular damage takes place when it comes to TBI. When ion channel dysfunction happens, it can lead to cystic fibrosis, epilepsy and irregular heartbeats…

Alzheimer's disease typically progresses slowly in three general stages — mild (early-stage), moderate (middle-stage), and severe (late-stage). Since Alzheimer's affects people in different ways, each person will experience symptoms - or progress through Alzheimer's stages - differently. Overview of disease progression Mild Alzheimer's (early-stage) Moderate Alzheimer's (middle-stage) Severe Alzheimer's (late-stage) Did you know? People with cognitive changes caused by Mild Cognitive…

functional loss of neurons which is a gradual and progressive process. Various neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, etc. have been described by many biomarkers that are unusual in comparison to their baseline levels in the brain regions. Out of all the diseases, Alzheimer’s disease is the most prevailing disease in older patients with an average age greater than 65 years. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is illustrated by irreversible neuron…

Alzheimer’s Disease is a form of dementia that causes memory loss and other intellectual abilities. A person can’t really prevent from inheriting or getting Alzheimer’s disease. There has been no cure, but treatments. Many studies have been done through animal models, help from organization to help increase the awareness for Alzheimer’s. This disease is caused by genetic, environmental, economic and other factors. There are three main health inequities that care involved in the condition of…

neural processing chapter it first started talking about how neurons work and what parts make up the neurons. The neurons contain three parts which are dendrites, axon, and the axon terminal. Dendrites are the structures that receive electrical messages from other neurons. In order for neurons to work, they will have to receive stimuli through their synaptic receptors. Once the dendrites receive the electrical messages from the other neurons it will transfer it to the axon which will convey the…